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An Anatomical Screening of White Jute Accessions for Fibre Content

Arju Miah*
Genetic Resources and seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh

A. K. M. Shahadat Hossain
Genetic Resources and seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh

Nihar Ranjan Saha
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh, 2 Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Md. Younus Ali
Fibre Quality Improvement Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh

Md. Jahangir Alam
Genetic Resources and seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh

Md. Hasanuzzaman
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh, 2 Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of 24 advanced lines of white jute and four check varieties ( CVL-1, CC-45, BJRI Deshi Pat-7 & BJRI Deshi Pat-8) for screening out high yielding and better quality fibre through an anatomical approach at JAES, Manikganj. The experiment was conducted in randomly complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The cultivars revealed significant differences among them for all the characters with range of variability. The highest bark thickness (2.32 mm) was noticed by the accession C-5036 which performed significantly better than the two checks and lowest was recorded by C-5126 (1.07 mm). The variety BJRI Deshi Pat-8 observed significantly the highest number of pyramid (54.13) whereas the lowest was recorded by the varieties BJRI Deshi Pat-7 (28.23). The accession C-5117 showed significantly the highest number of layer (10.29) whereas the variety, BJRI Deshi Pat-7 showed significantly lowest number of layer (6.32). The accession C-2305(92.37) and C-12221 (91.19) significantly showed top two number of fibre bundle, however, the lowest number of fibre bundle was recorded by BJC-5105(42.79). The largest area of pyramid was observed by the accession C-5036 (46.85 sq. mm) whereas the lowest was showed by BJC-5105 (14.50 sq. mm). The differences between Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) and Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) were little for all the characters indicating these characters were less influenced by the environment. Heritability and genetic advance (GA) were high for number of pyramid, number of fibre, bundle and Area of pyramid (sq.mm). Three accessions(C-12221, C-2305, C-5036) are showed the best performance than other accession on our screening program. These accessions are included in cluster V among the five clusters which exhibit the highest performance in all parameter except number of pyramid and may be used in further hybridization of jute.

Keywords: Anatomical Screening, D2 statistics, variability, correlation Fiber content, White jute (Corchorus capsularis L.)

Location: JAES, Manikganj

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Mechanical Processing

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken for selection of cultivars of white jute having high fibre bearing potentiality based on anatomical screening approach.

Methodology:

23 advanced lines of white jute and four released varieties namely, CVL-1, CC-45, BJRI Deshi Pat-7 & BJRI Deshi Pat-8 were used as experimental materials. The cultivars were grown at the JAES, Manikganj in a randomized complete block design with three replications. A plot for each genotype was represented by 3 rows of 3.6 m length with a spacing of 30 cm x 5 cm. Standard agronomic practices were followed. At the age of 110 days of maturity, five plants were selected randomly from each replication for harvest. The middle portion of stem (5cm stem piece) were collected and preserved in Formalin acetic acid alcohol solution (10 ml of formalin, 5 ml 85% glacial acetic acid and 85 ml of 70% alcohol) for anatomical study. The preserved sample were taken out and washed. About 20-25µm thick transverse sections (TS) was done with the help of a microtome machine for preparing slide. The slides were studied under compound microscope (4X10 magnifications) and data were recorded for bark thickness, number and area of phloem wedges, number of fibre bundle layers and number of fibre bundles per section. Plant weight, base diameter and dry fibre weight of the materials were also recorded.

Meceration of fibre cell: The fibre was extracted following the method described by Aziz et al. 1964 with little modification. The anatomical data were recorded from 5-10 randomly selected plants of each genotype from each replication at the time of harvest (110 days of crop age). Data were recorded on date of sowing, germination, 1st and average flowering. Bark diameter, bark thickness, number of trapezoids/section were calculated for three plants of each accession under microscope. Area of trapezoid/section (μm): Area of trapezoid was measured by the following formula: (Area of trapezoid = (Upper length + Lower length) X perpendicular length of trapezoid X conversion factor [Conversion factor = 39.4 in 4 X 10 magnification], number of layers/ trapezoid, number of bundles/trapezoid were calculated under microscope from randomly selected trapezoid. Length, breadth and length: breadth ratio to be measured for 10 randomly selected the fibre cells by using oculometer under the microscope.

Analysis of variance and covariance were done according to. Coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) and heritability (H2b) were calculated by the formulae suggested by [13 and 14], respectively. Genetic advance (GA) was derived by the formula given by [15] A cluster diagram was drawn according to [16] that gave a brief idea of the pattern of diversity among the genotypes included in a cluster.

Source of Information: Journal of Scientific Agriculture 2020, 4: 72-76

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.25081/jsa.2020.v4.6340 http://updatepublishing.com/journal/index.php/jsa

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In case of number of pyramid, cluster II showed the highest value (45.41) and cluster I showed the lowest value (34.56). In case of number of layer, cluster V showed the highest value (9.26) and cluster III showed the lowest value (7.16). In case of number of fibre Bundle, cluster V showed the highest value (90.93) followed by cluster V and cluster IV showed the lowest value (77.16). A similar of clustering was observed by [25,26] in tossa jute genotypes.

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