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Feasibility Study on Establishing of Short Rotation Plantation (srp) for Sustainable Biomass & Bioenergy Supply in Forest and Hilly Areas in Bangladesh

MAUMITA CHANDRA
Student, Master of Science (M.S)
Examination Roll No. 09 FPM JD-01M, Registration No.: 31489, Session: 2004-2005, Semester: July-December 2010. Department of Farm Power & Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Prof. Dr. Md. Daulat Hussain
Supervisor
Department of Farm Power & Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Dr. Md. Abdus Satter
Co-supervisor
Department of Farm Power & Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Dr. Md. Daulat Hussain
Chairman, Examination Committee and Head
Department of Farm Power & Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A feasibility study has been done on the establishing of short rotation plantation (SRP). Short rotation plantation is an approach used for biomass and bio-energy production in cycles. It involves growth of forest species, which give rapid juvenile growth and can be regrown from harvested stumps. This type of biomass production is suited to a variety of climate and gives a very high yield. In recent years micro propagation using tissue culture techniques has proved very useful in propagation of these trees. The present study will knock at the introduction of valued energy tree crops with traditional cropping system for better economic return from the forest area and better environmental condition of using CO₂. It means that photosynthesis will occur to produce more wood, fruits, vegetables and the environmental condition will be better. There are so many species of quick-growing trees like bougain, bamboo, Jatrapha, indigo etc. They have coppice ability. All the mentioned energy trees grow in waste and fallow lands of upland and forest areas. Those are short rotation trees and are suitable for establishing SRP in the Madhupur or other forest and hilly areas of Bangladesh. The characteristics of SRP tree is that it grows well and according to the opinion of the indigenous people that by 3 years time a short rotation tree-like bougain grows upto 10 m in height and about 120 kg biomass can be harvested. After harvest, it gives very rapid coppice and the shootings come out from the portion left out in the field. The spacing is about 1.5m x 1.5m. and in one-acre land more than 1500 plants can be accommodated. This will give additional income to the growers. Once planted the system will work for many years without investing money. This system is already working in the Madhupur area and farmers are getting good returns from biomass. The same can be obtained from Bamboo, Jatrapha carcus or Murtha plants. There are many energy-producing varieties of short rotation plant as like as Jatrapha Curcas (for biodiesel & Biomass), Bougain (Biomass), Shajina (for lubricant & Biomass), Nil (for indigo), Ber (Carbohydrate plant) which are capable to give food, biomass & bio-energy. Production of biomass & bio-energy from these varieties can be an effective way to solution of scarcity of energy and key to development of Bangladesh. A detail study and field practice are needed to verify the different production parameters for better understanding of the local people for improving the economic status of the indigenous people and for afforestation.

Keywords: Species, SRP trees, Cultivation process, Biomass, Bio-energy, Economic potentials, SRP.

Location: Tangail and Mymensingh District, Dhaka Division, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Farm machineries, Bio-gas

Objectives:

• To identify the different species of SRP trees

• To study the cultivation process of SRP trees

• To collect information on the production of biomass & bio-energy

• To explore the economic potentials of SRP.

Methodology:

Survey area: Madhupur Upazila Situated in the Madhupur tract (Mymensingh Forest Division), some 160km north of the capital city of Dhaka and 32km southwest of Mymensingh Town. Location: Tangail/Mymensingh District, Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. Climate & Weather conditions: Temp: 10⁰ C to 37⁰ C. Altitude: 15 m, Area: 8436 hectare. It houses a total of 176 species of plants including 73 trees, 22 shrubs, 1 palm, 8 grasses, 27 climbers and 45 herbs. Besides, there are a number of exotic species planted in the national park area. Collection of Information: • Information About Different Species of Very Fast Growing Plant: Following information about very fast-growing plant was collected from forest rangers & crop specialists. Local name of different plant, growth cycle, chemical composition, physical properties, growth environment, benefits of SRP. • Information About Different Cultivation and Harvesting Techniques of SRC: Techniques of cultivation & harvesting of SRC in different environments like forest & hilly areas have been reviewed from National & International research institutes. • Composing Information on Biomass: Biomass, its sources, chemical composition, uses, properties & energy values have been collected from various experimental studies. Gathering facts about the methods of bioenergy production from biomass: Biogas production & electricity generation systems have been gathered from different laboratory articles & industry publications. Short Rotation Plantation System: Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) is coppice grown as an energy crop. This woody solid biomass can be used in applications such as brick burning, water heating, electric power generating stations, alone or in combination with other fuels. Species Used: SRC uses high yield varieties of quick growing plant. Species are selected for their acceptance of varying climate and soil conditions, relative insusceptibility to pests and diseases, ease of propagation and speed of vegetative growth. The management of the plantations highly affects productivity and its success. Our seleted species are: 1. Bamboo (Bambusa Indica) 2. Sajna/dram Stick (Moringa Oleirfera) 3. Ber/Boroi (Zizyphus Jujuba) 4. Jatrapha (Jatrapha Curcas) 5. Agar (Aquilana Agallocha) 6. Bougain / Neem (Azadirachta indica). Biogas: Biogas is a valuable fuel which is in many countries produced in purpose-built digesters filled with the feedstock like manure or sewage. Digesters range in size from one cubic meter for a small ‘household’ unit to more than thousand cubic meters used in large commercial installations or farm plants. The input may be continuous or in batches, and digestion is allowed to continue for a period of from ten days to a few weeks.

Source of Information: A Thesis, Master of Science (M.S.), Farm Power & Machinery, BAU, December-2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Short rotation plantations for efficient biomass production have the potential to solve the environmental and social problems arising from power crisis and deforestation in Bangladesh. The favorable natural conditions for biomass growth, the suitable species are widely grown in the country, the increasing demand for fuelwood, the available wastewater during dry period and fallow land and the support to implement existing legislation are very promising aspects for an aimed SRP implementation. SRP is one of the promising source for future biomass and bio-energy production. It is an upcoming renewable source of energy, which would not only help in fulfilling the demand but also will reduce pollution. If we can select the most efficient source of bio-fuel from SRP then cost will be reduced. Energy sector will be more profitable which can play an important role in the extension of fuel business. This extension of fuel business is necessary to fulfill the shortage of fuel energy and offers sound environment.

Knowledge Management: Thesis