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Karyotype Diversity Among Twelve Varieties of Brassica L. (brassicaceae) from Bangladesh

Susmita Saha
Department of Botany, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Meghla Saha Pinky
Department of Botany, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Suma Akter
Department of Botany, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Kazi Nahida Begum
Corresponding Author
Department of Botany, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In the present research, karyomorphological characters of twelve varieties of Brassica, released by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) were investigated for appropriate characterization and assuming interrelations among them. Among these, six varieties of Brassica campestris (Tori-7, SS-75, BS-6, BS-12, BS-14 and BS-15) showed 2n=20 chromosomes, whereas 2n=36 were observed in four varieties of B. juncea (Dawlat, Rai-5, BS-10 and BS-11) and 2n=38 were found in two varieties of B. napus (BS-7 and BS-8). Depending on the karyotype symmetry-asymmetry conditions, the AI versus CVCI graph flatly divided these twelve varieties into Group-I as primitive and Group-II as advanced in characteristics. Moreover, notable karyotype diversity was observed in varieties of Brassica L. which could be used for their proper characterization.

Keywords: Chromosome, Karyosystematics, Asymmetry indices

Location: The Oilseeds Research Center (ORC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cabbage

Objectives:

To investigate the different cytological characters for accurate identification and characterization of twelve varieties of Brassica L. available in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Materials: Seeds of investigated twelve varieties of Brassica L. were collected from the Oilseeds Research Center (ORC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and maintained in the Botanical garden, Department of Botany, Jagannath University, Dhaka. Sample preparation: To investigate somatic chromosomes, Root tips (RTs) were collected from germinated seeds. At first seeds were germinated using wet filter papers in a Petri plate for 36 h and 30 min at room temperature (28–30°C) in dark. The RTs were pretreated with 8-hydroxyquinoline To investigate the different cytological characters for accurate identification and characterization of twelve varieties of Brassica L. available in Bangladesh. (0.002 M) for 40 min at room temperature (28–30°C) and fixed in Carnoy’s fluid (1 Glacial acetic acid: 3 Ethanol) at 4°C for 24 hours and then preserved in 70% alcohol for later use. Afterwards, the pre-treated RTs were heated uniformly with a mixture of 1% Aceto-orcein and 1 N HCl with the help of a spirit burner. Lastly, the prepared Aceto-orcein stained slides were observed under the Optika electric microscope and photographs were captured by the Euromax camera (CMEX 10, DC 10000C) with the magnification of 100XS in Auto mode. Statistical analysis: The fine spread mitotic metaphase chromosomes were used to determine different karyotypic parameters. Based on the position of centromere and the number of chromosomes, karyotypic formula was determined (Levan et al. 1964). A diverse range of karyomorphological parameters estimated with the help of KaryoType software (Alt?nordu et al. 2016).

Source of Information: Tropical Plant Research (2020) 7(2): 476–483; ISSN (Online): 2349-1183; ISSN (Print): 2349-9265

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i2.056

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings coming from these twelve varieties of Brassica species indicated the presence of slightly differences among their karyotypes, in terms of chromosome formula, total chromosomal length and asymmetry indices. Finally, the present investigation revealed its karyotypic characteristics from the cytogenetic aspects which also provide essential information about the genetical relationship among Brassica L. varieties in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal