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Morphological Descriptors of Seed and Seedling for Identification of Dhaincha (sesbania Spp.) Accessions

SONTOSH CHANDRA CHANDA
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

ABUL KALAM MOHAMMAD AZAD-UD-DOULA PRODHAN
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

ABUL KHAYER MOHAMMAD GOLAM SARWAR
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seed and seedling morphology of 110 dhaincha accessions were studied to search new characters that could add information pertinent to their species identification. Four seed coat colours - red, brown, grey and black, and two seed shapes - cylindrical and rectangular, were observed. Grey coloured, rectangular seeds produced seedlings with swollen radical with violet coloured hypocotyls. Wide variations were observed in the values of other morphological descriptors. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis using quantitative descriptors showed that 110 accessions clustered in to four groups. The first two components (Factor 1 and 2) of principal component analysis explained 62.01% of the total variance of the collected dhaincha accessions. Seedlings with swollen radical and violet coloured hypocotyls, produced from grey coloured and rectangular seeds, were constantly positioned together in a cluster. Seed coat colour, shape of seed and radical, and hypocotyls colour may be used as important morphological descriptors for species identification of dhaincha accessions at the early growth stage.

Keywords: Sesbania, Seed shape, Seed coat colour, Swollen radical, Hypocotyls colour

Location: The Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Dhaincha

Objectives:

To investigate new characters of morphological importance for identification of dhaincha accessions at the early stage of growth.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, to identify new character pertinent to identification of Sesbania species. Seeds of 110 dhaincha accessions were collected from different agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh (detailed collection information available upon request). The external morphological features of seeds viz., seed coat colour, shape, size and 1000-seed weight were carefully studied. Randomly selected 30 seeds were used for measurement from each accession. Seed coat colour and shape were determined under magnifying glass and photographed using digital camera (Shariq et al. 2015). Length and width were measured using digital slide calipers with a precision of 0.1 to 150 mm (Ribeiro et al. 2015). Seed length was measured from base to top and width was taken in the middle line of seed. For seedling morphology study, the experiment was laid out completely randomized design with four replications. Two hundred (50 × 4) healthy seeds of each accession were used for seedling morphology. Forty seedlings, 10 from each replication, from each accession were randomly taken two weeks after sowing for morphological study. The morphological descriptors viz. length of shoot, root, epicotyls and hypocotyls, cotyledon length and width, number of foliage leaves per plant, length and width of leaves, number of leaflets pairs per leaf were studied. The quantitative characteristics e.g., seedling height, base diameter, number of leaves/plant, leaf length and width, etc. were analyzed and calculated with Excel application (Aziagba-Bibian et al. 2015) such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, range of variation. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) analysis was conducted using the XLSTAT 2009.3 program (https://www.xlstat.com/en/), based on the quantitative characters viz. seed length, 1000-seed weight, shoot length and base diameter. A dendrogram was built by AHC analysis (Sneath 1969). Principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted using the “R” software program based on the quantitative characteristic viz. seed length, seed width, seed length: seed width, 1000-seed weight, shoot length, root length and base diameter.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 47(2): 237-246, 2018 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of PCA were supported by dendrogram resulted from AHC analysis. Moreover, accession number 117 was also positioned in distinct location lower left part and other accessions also were situated other place at the right part due to the effect of seed length, root length and seed length: seed width. Accessions distantly located in PCA might be the separate species of Sesbania. The descriptors used for accessing the variability among dhaincha accessions were efficient in discriminating the110 accessions and might be Sesbania species as well. The principal component scatters plot of dhaincha accessions depicted that they are close together and being similar when related on seven variables. The collected accessions were not more diverse from each other as they were overcrowded on the same area. It indicates that the accessions having almost similar quantitative characters with respect to seed length and base diameter may belong to same species. Seedlings with swollen radical and violet coloured hypocotyls, produced from grey coloured and rectangular seeds, were constantly positioned together in a cluster. Seed coat colour, shape of seed and radical, and hypocotyls colour may be used as important morphological descriptors for species identification of dhaincha accessions at the early growth stage.

Knowledge Management: Journal