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Fertilizer Requirement for Okra- Fallow- T. Aman Crop Sequence in Coastal Saline Areas of Bangladesh

S M Shamsuzzaman
Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

H A K Chowdhury
Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

A B M M Hasan
Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

S M Rasel
Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

Masuda Begum
Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

M Mehnaz
Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

M M Hanafi
Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fertilizer dose for Okra- Fallow-T. Aman cropping sequence was determined experimentally in the saline soils of the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Application of 25% more N, P and K fertilizers with 100% STB (N68.5P32.2K8.9Zn2 kg/ha for Okra and N68.5P15K9.7Zn1.5kg/ha for T. Aman) increased fruit/plant, fruit length (cm) and individual fruit weight of okra, and effective tillers/hill, panicle length, filled/panicle and 1000- grain weight of BRRI dhan30. As a result the highest fruit of okra (12.89 t/ha) and grain yield of BRRI dhan30 (5.06 t/ha) were obtained from this treatment. Therefore, 25% increase of N, P and K fertilizers of STB fertilizer doses might be recommended for okra - Fallow-T. Aman cropping sequence in saline areas of the coastal belt.

Keywords: Okra, T. Aman, Cropping pattern, STB (Soil Test Base) fertilizers, Saline soil

Location: The farmer’s field of Ghagramari village under Batiaghata Upazila of Khulna district, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer and manures, Intercropping, Rice, Okra, Saline soil

Objectives:

To verify and update the existing soil test-based fertilizer recommendation of okra- Fallow - T. Aman cropping sequence.

Methodology:

The experiment was set up at the farmer’s field of Ghagramari village under Batiaghata Upazila of Khulna district (GPS coordinate: N-22°41´36.6", E-89°31´52.4"). Initial soil sample were collected from the experimental field from 0 - 15 cm depth and was analyzed. EC and pH of the soil samples were determined from 1 : 1 and 1 : 2.5 soil-water extract, respectively by glass electrode method (Jackson 1962, Andersoen and Ingram 1966). Total N was determined by Micro-Kjeldahl distillation method (Bremner and Mulvany 1982), available P by revised Olsen method (Olsen et al. 1954, Olsen and Sommers 1982), %OM by wet oxidation method (Walkley and Black 1934), available S by calcium biphosphate extraction method (Fox et al.1964), available Zn by DTPA extraction method (Lindsay et al. 1978), exchangeable K by ammonium acetate extraction method (Coleman et al. 1959, Knudsen et al. 1982), soil texture according to USDA system by hydrometer method (Day 1965) for determining physical and chemical properties for assessing soil fertility and soil test based (STB) fertilizer recommendation. Seeds of okra (Hybrid komol) and BRRI dhan30 (T. Aman) were collected from BARI and BRRI, respectively to use as the test crop. The land was prepared thoroughly by ploughing and cross ploughing with a power tiller. After uniform leveling, the experiment was laid out in a RCBD. The size of each unit plot was 4 m × 2.5 m and plots were separated from each other by drains (0.5 m). For okra cultivation during Kharif-1 season P, K, S and Zn fertilizers were applied to the individual plots during final land preparation according to the treatments. The treatments were T₁ = 100% of soil test based (STB) fertilizers (N_68.5P_32.2K_8.9Zn₂ _kg/ha for Okra and N_68.5P₁₅K_9.7Zn_1.5kg/ha for T. Aman), T₂ = T₁ + 25% N of STB, T₃ = T₁ + 25% NP of STB, T₄ = T₁ + 25% NK of STB, T₅ = T₁ + 25% PK of STB T6 = T₁ + 25% NPK of STB, T₇ = 75% of STB, and T₈ = Control. Urea was applied in four equal splits: first split was applied at 15 days after sowing (DAS), second split of urea was applied at 35 DAS (flowering stage), third split was applied at 45 DAS (fruiting stage) and fourth split was applied at 60 DAS. Healthy seeds of okra were line-sowed in the experimental plots with spacing 60 × 50 cm. Intercultural operations like irrigation, weeding, earthening up and insect and pest control were done as and when necessary following standard procedures. The edible fruits were harvested from the experimental plots at every alternate day. Five plants were randomly selected from each plot to record the yield contributing characters like, number of fruit/plant, fruit length and individual fruit weight (g). After harvesting of okra, the experimental plots were kept fallow for about three months. Then they were prepared for transplanting seedlings of BRRI dhan30 during Kharif-2 season. The experimental plots were prepared thoroughly by puddling and cross puddling with a spade. Except urea, other fertilizers were applied to the individual plots during final land preparation according to the treatments used. Urea was applied in three equal splits (at 15, 30 and 50 days after transplanting). Thirty days old healthy seedlings of BRRI dhan30 were transplanted with spacing of transplanting 20 cm × 20 cm, and three seedlings were transplanted in each hill. Intercultural operations like irrigation, weeding and insect and pest control were done as and when necessary following standard procedures. Fruit yields due to different treatments varied from 6.57 to 12.89 t/ha. The highest fruit yield 12.89 t/ha was found in the treatment T₆ (T₁ + 25%NPK) was significantly higher from all other treatments. The second highest fruit yield 12.10 t/ha was found in the treatment T₄ was at par with 11.58, 11.71 and 11.80 t/ha recorded in T₂, T₃ and T₅ treatments, respectively. Rain and Lal (1999) and Gowda and Bharme (2002) reported similar fruit yield and yield contributing parameters of okra by applying different levels of N, P and K chemical fertilizers.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 46(1): 533-537, 2017 (March)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering yield and yield contributing parameters greatest performance was shown by T6 (T1 + 25% NPK) treatment in both the crop which resulted 18% fruit yield increase of okra and 16% grain yield increase of BRRI dhan30 over 100% STB fertilizers. As a result, 25% increased dose of N, P and K fertilizers of soil test based recommended fertilizer doses i.e. N₈₆P₄₀K₁₁Zn_2kg/ha for T. Aman (BRRI dhan30) and N₈₅P₁₉K₁₂Zn_1.5kg/ha for okra (Hybrid komol) can be suggested for okra- Fallow- T. Aman cropping pattern in saline soils of coastal region. Verification and updating the existing soil test-based fertilizer recommendation of different cropping is needed in other saline-affected districts also.

Knowledge Management: Journal