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Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis of Floral, Yield and Its Component Traits of Maintainer Lines of Rice (oryza Sativa L.)

M S Hossain
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

N A Ivy
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M S Raihan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University

E Kayesh
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

S Maniruzzaman
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Direct selection based on crop yields is paradox in breeding programmes because of its complex polygenically inherited character, which is influenced by its component traits. A field experiment was conducted to establish the extent of association between yield and yield components and other characters in maintainer lines of rice. Analysis of variance revealed that significant amount of genetic variability was present in the entire characters studied except grain length, grain width and flag leaf breadth. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per plant, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight (TGW), filled grains per panicle, flag leaf length, stigma breadth, filament length suggesting preponderance of additive gene action in the expression of these characters. The correlation coefficient between grain yield per plant and other quantitative characters attributing to yield showed that grain yield was significantly and positively associated with number of grains per panicle, TGW, spikelet fertility, filament length and pollen fertility at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient at genotypic level revealed that panicle length, number of effective tillers/plant, number of grains per panicle, TGW, filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility, stigma length, stigma breadth, filament length and pollen fertility had direct positive effect on grain yield indicating importance of these parameters as the main contributors to yield. Thus, a genotype with higher extent of these traits could be selected as parents from existing genotypes for genetic improvement of yield in hybrid rice.

Keywords: Rice, Variability, Heritability, Correlation, Path analysis.

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To identify superior maintainer line in respect of various floral and yield contributing traits.

Methodology:

Five maintainer lines were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur located at centre of Madhupur Tract (24º29 N latitude and 90º26 E longitude) having an altitude of 8.2m from the sea level (Anonymous, 1989) during Aman, 20018-19. There are three blocks in the experimental fields. Seedlings of each line were raised in bed and 30-day-old seedlings were transplanted in the experimental plots. Transplanting was done with two to three seedlings per hill maintaining row to row spacing of 20 cm and plant to plant spacing of 15 cm. Proper soil fertility were maintained by applying ureaTSP-MoP-gypsum-ZnSO4 @ 150:100:70:60:10 kg/ha respectively. Entire TSP, MoP, Gypsum and ZnSO4 were applied during final land preparation. The urea was applied in three installments, at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), 30 and 45 DAT. Five sample plants were randomly selected from each plot excluding the border plants for recording traits viz Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, flag leaf length (cm), flag leaf width (cm), plant height (cm), panicle length (cm), number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, number of grains per panicle,1000 grain weight (g), filled grains per panicle, grain length (mm), grain width (mm), yield per hill (g), anther length (µm), anther breadth (µm), stigma length (µm), stigma breath (µm), filament length (µm), pollen sterility%, spikelet fertility%. Anther, stigma and filament length, breadth was measured with a microscope using ocular micrometer (level 1) before anthesis. The data on quantitative characters were statistically evaluated on the basis of the model designated by Cochran and Cox (1950) for Randomized Complete Block Design. In order to test the significance of treatments, critical difference was calculated (Fisher and Yates, 1963). Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation (PCV and GCV) were analyzed according to Burton (1952) and categorized according to Siva Subramanian and Menon (1973). Heritability in a broad sense and genetic advance were calculated according to methods specified by Allard (1960) and categorized according to Johnson et al. (1955). Correlation coefficients were calculated for all quantitative character combinations at the phenotypic, genotypic and environmental levels by the formula set by Miller et al., (1958). Path coefficient analysis proposed by Wright (1921) and explained by Dewey and Lu (1959) was used to analyze the direct and indirect impact of various traits to yield.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1) : 1-9, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): doi.org/10.3329/brj.v24i1.53235

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the present study on variability, heritability and genetic advance indicated an opportunity for upgrading of grain yield of maintainer lines through selection. The highest mean performance for yield in maintainer (B) lines was found in Ghan 46B followed by IR 62 B. For the development of rice hybrids with earliness and dwarfness IR 62B can be utilized. Most of the studied characters showed significant variation among the genotypes. Studies on character association and path co-efficients revealed the importance of number of reproductive tillers per hill, number of filled grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight, filament length, stigma breadth as selection criteria for effective yield improvement. The study also showed the need of balanced selection in the light of negative association of reproductive tillers per hill with filled grains per panicle and filled grains per panicle with 1000-grain weight in crop yield improvement programmes.

Knowledge Management: Journal