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Characterization of Amaranth Germplasm (2014--2015)

N PERVIN
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M T ISLAM
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur during 2014-15 to know the diversity of 40 accessions of amaranth (Amaranthus spp). Among these accessions leaf (5%), stem (90%) and grain (5%) amaranth were identified. Based on the stem quality the accessions were also classified as hard (15%), medium (5%) and soft (80%) on the basis of fiber. Qualitative character variation was found in branching index, stem and leaf pubescence, leaf shape, leaf margin, terminal inflorescence shape, terminal inflorescence attitude and inflorescence density index. Different color variations were exhibited in stem green 10% and pink or purple 90%, leaf entire lamina purple or pink 32.5%, margin and vein pigmented 35%, normal green 10% and other 22.5%, petiole green 10%, purple 75% and dark purple 15%, inflorescence green 12.5%, yellow 2.5%, pink 15%, red 2.5% and other 67.5% and seed pale yellow 2.5%, red 7.5% and black 90%. The highest CV was found in terminal inflorescence lateral length (117.64%) and the lowest in germination period (6.64%).

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Amaranth, Germplasm

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Plant

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to study the genetic diversity in amaranth germplasm, to identify salient features that distinguish germplasm from one another and to identify germplasm having useful traits.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur during winter 2014-15. Forty accessions of amaranth were used in this study. Line sowing was done in 3m long of 3 rows plot with two replications. Row to row distance was 50 cm and plot to plot distance was 100 cm. The seeds were sown on 06 November, 2014. Chemical fertilizers such as urea 250 kg/ha, TSP 100 kg/ha, MP 150 kg/ha and gypsum 75 kg/ha were applied (BARC, 2012). The half quantity of urea and all TSP, MP and gypsum were applied during land preparation. Urea was applied in two equal installments at 20 and 40 days after sowing. Plants of one replication were isolated with nylon net to control cross pollination and the seeds were collected from this plants. Normal cultivation techniques and intercultural operations were followed to have a good crop. Data were recorded as per IBPGR (1981) descriptors for amaranth.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2014-2015, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All accessions were classified as leaf, stem and grain amaranth. Among them 5% accessions (BD-8128 and BD-8139) were identified as leaf amaranth, 5% accessions (BD-8069 and BD-8071) grain amaranth and the rest 90% accessions were stem amaranth. Based on the stem quality the accessions were also classified as hard (15%), medium (5%) and soft (80%) on the basis of fiber. Slow (97.5%) and very slow (2.5%) germination rate was observed among the accessions. Erect growth habit was found in all 40 accessions. Few branches (60%), many branches (20%) and branches all along the stem (20%) of branching index were observed among the accessions. Stem pubescence none (17.5%) and low (82.5%) were found. Maximum (90%) accessions showed purple or pink stem color and minimum (10%) accessions showed green stem color. Spines in leaf axils were absent in all the accessions. Leaf pubescence none (57.5%) and low (42.5%) were observed among the accessions. Leaf pigmentation was entire lamina purple or pink (32.5% accessions), margin and vein pigmented (35% accessions), normal green (10% accessions) and other (22.5% accessions). Lanceolate (37.5% accessions), elliptical (57.5% accession) and oval (5% accession) leaf shapes were found among the accessions. Leaf margin showed entire (82.5% accessions), crenate (5% accessions) and undulate (12.5% accessions). Rugose leaf veins were found in all accessions. Petiole pigmentation green (10%), purple (75%) and dark purple (15%) occurred among the accessions. Most (65%) of the accessions showed spike types of terminal inflorescence shape, minimum (5%) showed panicle with short branches and the rest (30%) accessions were club-shaped at tips. Terminal inflorescence attitude was erect (77.5% accessions) and drooping (22.5% accessions). Axillary inflorescence was present in all the accessions. Inflorescence density index was found such as lax 7.5% of accessions, intermediate 50% of accessions and dense was found in 42.5% of accessions. Inflorescence color such as green (12.5% accessions), yellow (2.5%), pink (15% accessions), red (2.5% accessions) and other (67.5% accessions) were exhibited among the accessions. Maximum 90% accessions showed black seed color and 7.5% accession showed red and 2.5% accession showed pale yellow seed color. Opaque seed coat type and round seed shape were found in all 40 accessions.

Range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were recorded. The germination period ranged from 7 to 10. On average, plant height was 70.69cm. Days to flowering ranged from 34 to 131. Terminal inflorescence stalk length ranged from 10.72 to 67 cm. Terminal inflorescence lateral length ranged from 0.86 to 13.8 cm. Length of axillary inflorescence ranged from 5.56 to 24.04 cm. 1000 seed weight ranged from 0.7 to 13.1g. The highest CV was found in Terminal inflorescence lateral length (117.64%) and the lowest CV was found in the Germination period (6.64%). Some promising accessions were identified (BD-8286, BD-8294, BD-8315, BD-8259, BD-8286, BD-8285, BD-8311 and BD-8329) during characterization.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings