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Adaptation Strategies of Gos and Ngos for Flood Management in the Teesta Floodplain Area in Rangpur District of Bangladesh

Mst. Shifat Rumana?
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In the Teesta river basin area, people suffer and fight against flood almost every year. Flood affected people get support from GOs, NGOs and other private organizations in pre, during and post flooding period. But these supports are not sufficient for them and they fall in long term poverty trap which refers to the incapability of achieving a minimum standard of living. So this study presents various adaptation strategies of GOs and NGOs, and suggests some recommendations to rapidly recover from flood disaster in the research area. The study area is located in flood-prone region of the Teesta river basin in Rangpur district of Bangladesh. Lakshmitari union of Gangachara Upazila and Kaunia Balapara union of Kaunia Upazila have been selected for this study. Primary and secondary data have been collected to fulfill the research objectives. The research findings indicate that flood occurs every year in the study area. To minimize the damages of floods, GOs and NGOs take various steps. These steps awareness build-up of people, building embankment and shelter center, operate rescue operation, giving relief and emergency treatment, etc. But these activities are not sufficient fully to reduce the impacts of floods. So this study recommends some policies like building embankment in total eroded area, develop early warning system, increase the number of flood shelter center, etc. to minimize the damage of flood and improve the life standard of flood-affected people in the study area.

Keywords: Rajshahi University Journal of Environmental Science, 8: 79-92, 2019 www.ru.ac.bd/ies

Location: Two unions (Lakshmitari and Kaunia Balapara) of Gangachara and Kauniaupazila, respectively of Rangpur district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Flood

Objectives:

In spite of decreasing the monga situation which was created an immense bar to reach an expected level of development, people of northern Bangladesh cannot overcome from the damage of flood or river bank erosion. Almost every year flood occurs in this region and many people fall in vulnerable situation in that time which affects seriously on their livelihood. So these mauzas have been selected as the study area. Lakshmitari and Kaunia Balapara unions are highly flood-prone area of both Upazilas. These areas are also affected by river bank erosion. That is why these areas have been selected as the study area.

Methodology:

2. Selection of the Study Area The study has been conducted in two unions (Lakshmitari and Kaunia Balapara) of Gangachara and Kauniaupazila, respectively of Rangpur district. Lakshmitari union consists by 9 mauzas and more flood affected mauzas are Sankardaha, Ichli, Char Isorkul and Joyramojha. So mentioned four mauzas have been selected as the study area. On the other hand Kaunia Balapara union has 21 mauzas and more vulnerable mauzas are Arazi Harishwar, Gadai, Panjarbhanga and Nijpara. So these mauzas have been selected as the study area. Lakshmitari and Kaunia Balapara unions are highly flood prone area of both upazilas. These areas are also affected by river bank erosion. That is why these areas have been selected as the study area.

3.1. Sampling Design and Sample Size In this research purposive sampling and simple random sampling have been used to select study area and sample size. Gangachara and Kaunia Upazila of Rangpur district have been selected purposively. Gangachara Upazila has 10 unions, among them one union (Lakshmitari) has been selected purposively. On the other hand Kaunia Upazila consists by 6 unions. One union (Kaunia Balapara) out of 6 unions has also been selected purposively. At last simple random sampling techniques has been applied to get proportionate of household number for surveying and collecting data and information.

To determine the sample size, method of Krejcie and Morgan (1970) has been applied. As per the determining procedure of them, 361 households out of 6124 have been selected as sample size. Out of 361 sample size 156 from Lakshmitari union and 205 from Kaunia Balapara union have been taken for surveying and collecting data.

To determine the sample size, method of Krejcie and Morgan (1970) was applied by following process: Household number of selected villages at Lakshmitari and Kaunia Balapara are 2652+3472 = 6124. Total population size = 6124 (Population size is near to 6000, so sample size is 361).

3.2. Data Collection, Analysis and Interpretation Primary and secondary data have been used in current study to fulfill research objectives. Primary data has been collected from reconnaissance survey, questionnaire survey, interviews with the key informants and field observation. Secondary data has been collected from different government offices of Gangachara, Kaunia Upazila and Rangpur district. Secondary data has also been collected from different books, journals, articles, statistical reports, official documents, unpublished M.S and Ph.D. reports, newspapers, the internet, etc. The collected data have been processed and analyzed through SPSS software (version 16.0). For data analysis and interpretation different types of statistical methods such as a chart, tabulation, percentage, average and graphic presentation have been used.

Source of Information: Rajshahi University Journal of Environmental Science, 8: 79-92, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): www.ru.ac.bd/ies

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Flood or any natural disaster cannot be stopped fully but a proper management system can reduce the magnitude and destructiveness of this natural disaster. In the study area, people become economically vulnerable due to flood and riverbank erosion. To recover this situation, GOs and NGOs have taken many steps and people apply their indigenous knowledge. But still, now people whirl round and round in the poverty trap. For sustainable flood management in the Teesta floodplain area.

Knowledge Management: Journal