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Characteristics of Household Solid Waste and Its Management in Pabna Municipality

A. H. M. Monzurul Mamun
Department of Geography and Environment, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna-6600, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study identifies the determinants affecting the waste generation and investigates the aspects of awareness regarding household level waste management practices. The methodology includes a sampling and questionnaire survey, waste collection, segregation and measurement of composition and necessary analysis of collected information. The study finds the household solid waste generation rate of 1.8 kg per day per household positively correlated with family size, education level of the household owner and family income. These three determinants can explain 77% of the variance of household solid waste generation rate. Per capita household solid waste generation in surveyed area is 0.38 kg per person per day is found to be positively correlated with household owner’s education and family income and 60% of the variance in per capita household solid waste generation can be explained by these two determinants. Generated garbage are diverse in category and 76% by weight are biodegradable in nature. Waste management practices in the surveyed area are performed by municipal authority and the inhabitant satisfaction is 57.7%. 72% of the households are eager to take waste management services and 55% among them are willing to pay 0.6 US$ per month as a service payment. Collection of waste from the homesteads before 9.00 AM in the morning is preferable to 48% of the households. Public awareness is affected by the outdated municipal waste management practice and comprehensive waste management planning and implementation is a promising option.

Keywords: Pabna Municipality, Household solid waste, Waste management

Location: Pabna Municipality

Start Date: 00-11-2016

End Date: 00-11-2017

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Waste

Objectives:

This study leads to generate a regional level comprehensive information for planning and implementation of relevant waste management activities in developing countries like Bangladesh with growing waste management challenges. The study was carried out on purposively selected Monsurabad Residential area under Pabna municipality.

Methodology:

The number of total households is 346 as counted during the reconnaissance survey. The study was conducted from November, 2016 to November, 2017. The main tool for data collection was a structured questionnaire designed in the local language. For Monsurabad residential area, the size of the sample was determined 125 by using the following methodology widely used in different studies (Gomez et al., 2008; Gallardo et al., 2012; Fei-Baffoe et al., 2014).

To collect the residential per capita solid waste generation plastic bags were supplied to each household during the questionnaire survey. Collected waste from each household within the plastic bag were segregated weighted and recorded for each day from every surveyed household. Different income groups were identified on the basis of household’s monthly income by surveying and following of relevant studies (Sujauddin et al., 2008; Otoma et al., 2013; Pirani et al., 2015). Besides household’s income, number of residents per dwelling, household owner’s age and education level, staying period at current location and average hours spent by parents at home per day are selected as determinants of per capita solid waste generation based on reconnaissance survey and review of relevant literatures (Afroz et al., 2007; Sujauddin et al., 2008; Otoma et al., 2013; Aliu et al., 2014; Pirani et al., 2015). The determinants represent the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of households and may affect the quantity of waste generation (Sujauddin et al., 2008). To analyze the degree of correlation of the determinants with per capita household solid waste generation (HSWG) Pearson’s product moment correlation analysis is performed by using the statistical package for social science (SPSS).

Significantly correlated determinants with per capita HSWG are then evaluated with least square regression analysis to identify their potential effects on per capita HSWG.

Y = a+bX

Where the symbol Y denotes the value of per capita HSWG for the given value of the correlated determinants (X). The values of constants a and b are derived from the default equations by using SPSS. Information regarding managerial aspects like respondent’s knowledge on waste segregation and willingness to cooperate with household waste management are also examined and interpreted to generate comprehensive information.

Source of Information: Rajshahi University Journal of Environmental Science, 6, 10-17, 2017

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Achievement/Findings:

Reduction, collection, transportation, processing and disposal are the required activities to the municipal waste management system affiliated with public health, resource conservation, urban aesthetics and environmental sustainability. Population increase in urban areas due to uncontrollable rural-urban migration and unplanned urban expansion pressurize municipal waste management system to all extents. This study tries to explore the potential impacts of micro level socio economic determinants on solid waste generation at the household level and finds positive effects of income and education. The municipal services are outdated and inhabitants are accustomed to the practices. Public awareness is influenced in a couple of ways and household satisfaction level is comparatively poor. In the case of managerial aspects of households practices like segregation, source separation and reuse are absent. Knowledge about these sustainable practices is also influenced by municipal services. This acute information are convenient to any kind of waste management planning and implementation including community participation.

Knowledge Management: Journal