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Conservation of Germplasm in Active and Base Collection (2014--2015)

M A MALEK
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) act as a repository for the BARI mandate crops namely cereals (except rice), pulse, oilseed, vegetables, fruits, spices, tuber crops etc. The germplasm were conserved in medium-term storage at + 4 to + 6⁰C and long-term storage at -18 to -20⁰C. Generally the seeds were dried at 6-8% moisture content before storing. The centre is maintained 10085 accessions of 137 different agro-horticultural crops in the gene bank and in the field gene bank. Among them, 1727 accessions are cereals, 3460 pulses, 455 oilseeds, 3902 vegetables, 197 spices, 92 fruits, 58 other crops and 194 vegetative or recalcitrant seeded plants. Seed viability was monitored by testing germination from the stored germplasm. Accessions with less than 80% viability and/or less quantity of seed were regenerated.

Keywords: Germplasm, Ex situ conservation, Active collection, Base collection

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Germplasm

Objectives:

To overcome the problem the seeds of landraces, cultivars and their wild relatives are collected, characterized, regenerated, and conserved for their future utilization. The conservation of germplasm away from their natural habitat is called ex situ conservation. The centre has been collected and maintained a number of different agro-horticultural crops in the gene bank and field gene bank since 1987.

Methodology:

Registered germplasm: Only new arrivals of germplasm are registered. If the seed samples are in good condition, each sample is being assigned a registration number according to the source of acquisition and passport information. Samples which are collected through exploration and collections are registered as ''C''; samples received from local research institutions/organizations as ''R'', and the samples introduced from other countries as ''I''. For example, registration number-C/R/I-YYMM0001 where, YY-year, MM-month of collection/received of the germplasm and the last four digits are the serial number. Registered germplasm is also known as original sample.

Regenerated germplasm: These types of germplasm have been obtained from regeneration of original sample. If the regenerated germplasm is being more than 80% viability and sufficient quantity of seed, an accession number is assigned and maintained as accessioned germplasm. If the regenerated germplasm is being viability less than <80% or insufficient quantity of seed or both are maintained as regenerated germplasm.

Accessioned germplasm: These types of germplasm have been also obtained from the regeneration of the original sample. Normally, a seed sample size of 7,000 for self-pollinated and 17,000 for cross-pollinated crops along with 80% and above viability is the major prerequisite for getting an accession number. 'BD' letter has been used to the accessioned number only that comes from the PGRC, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh. A total of 10085 accessions of 137 crops are maintained in the gene bank. All registered and regenerated germplasm are maintained in active collection. After regeneration and accessioning, the original samples are maintained in base collection for future use and regeneration. However, the regenerated and or characterized germplasm is maintained in both active and base collection. Usually, characterization and seed distribution are done from the active collection. The base collection acts as a backup collection for future generations. Normally, the seeds from the base collection are not used frequently. It could be used in very special situations and purposes.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2014-2015, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In 2014-15, one hundred seventy (170) germplasm have been registered in accessions. Among them, 44 cereals, 13 pulses, 22 oilseed, 35 vegetables, 10 spices, and 6 vegetatively propagated crop plants. Up to June 2015, a total of 10085 accessions of 137 different agri-horticultural crops are being maintained as the active collection, base collection, and in field gene bank. Among them, 1727 accessions are cereals, 3460 pulses, 455 oilseeds, 3902 vegetables, 197 spices, 92 fruits, 58 other crops and 194 vegetative or recalcitrant seeded plants. , In 2014-15, one hundred seventy (170) germplasm have been registered in accessions. Up to June 2015, a total of 9891 accessions of 80 different agri-horticultural crops are being maintained in the gene bank of BARI as the active collection and base collection. One hundred ninety-four germplasm of 57 different vegetatively propagated and recalcitrant seeded crop plants are also maintained in the field gene bank.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings