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Present Status, Challenges, and Opportunities of Pulses Crop in Some Selected Southern Char Land Areas of Bangladesh (2017--2018)

N. D. KUNDU
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. A. MATIN
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Assessing the present status, challenges and opportunities of pulses crops on southern char land areas like -Madaripur, Shariatpur and Barishal were made through an extensive field survey during 2017-2018. The study revealed the present status with the profitability as well as challenges and opportunities of pulses crop. Farmers get a gross margin of Tk. 30785, Tk. 30814, Tk. 24402, Tk. of 24607 and Tk. 26347 per hectare by cultivating lentil, mungbean, chickpea, blackgram and grasspea, respectively. The study shows education, family members, farm size, experience and training are the significant determinants of willingness to cultivate more pulses crops. The study revealed that pulses production is becoming challenging due to losses of agricultural char land, adverse climate condition, lack of technological knowledge, damage of insect and diseases, lack of quality seeds, problems regarding the marketing of pulses crop. But still, there are lots of opportunities to grow more pulses with the fulfillment of the following criteria like proper utilization of fallow char land, use of flood or salt-tolerant varieties, use of the quality seed, adoption of new technology, and ensuring fair price of pulses crops.

Keywords: Blackgram, Grasspea, Logit model, Char land, Socioeconomic information, Farm household

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2018

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Adoption and mitigation technology

Objectives:

So the study is undertaken with the ground of the following objectives i.)To know the socioeconomic information of the farm household in char land; ii) To identify the present status, challenges and opportunities of pulses crop on char land and iii.) To make some policy recommendations on the basis of the study.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in three southern districts namely Madaripur, Shariatpur and Barishal from October 2017 to May 2018. Zanjira and Bhedarganj upazila from Shariatpur, Madaripur Sadar and Shibchar upazila from Madaripur district and Babuganj and Barishal Sadar from Barishal district were selected for the study. A total of 150 farmers taking 50 from each district were selected purposively. Necessary information was collected through the survey method with the help of a pre-tested interview schedule by field investigators in collaboration with DAE personnel under the direct supervision of the researchers. Collected data were summarized, analyzed and tabulated. Statistical tools like average, percentage and ratio, and logit model were used in presenting the results. Logit model for the Preference/willingness of the farmers to cultivate pulses crops: The logit regression model was used to find out the determinants of the willingness of the farmers to cultivate pulses crops in the future time. The logit regression model is one of the binary choice regression models in which a dichotomous regression variable is considered as the dependent variable. The logit model was chosen for this study because it guarantees that the estimated probability lie between 0-1 and they are not linearly related to the explanatory variables. The logit model is based on the cumulative logistic distribution function.

In order to obtain the Zi there need a dichotomous response variable Yi (dependent variable). If the dependent variable is 1 then the Farmer is willing to cultivate pulses crops and when it is zero then the farmers will not cultivate. Eight (8) explanatory variables were included in the model to find out the determinant of willingness to cultivate pulses crops. The independent variables are specified as follows:

X₁ = Age

X₂ = Education

X₃ = Family members

X₄ = Farm sixe

X₅ = Experience

X6= Alternative income sources

X7= Training

U = Error term

According to Gujrati (1995) the marginal probabilities of factors determining the willingness and the elasticity of probability of willingness were estimated based on expressions derived from the logit model

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2017-2018, Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pulses are the important winter season crop. Per kg production cost for pulses on a total cost basis were Tk. 47, Tk. 46, Tk.53, Tk.32 and Tk.46 for lentil, mungbean, chickpea, grasspea and Blackgram, respectively. Benefit-cost ration on variable cost basis were 2.56, 2.39, 2.17, 3.15 and 3.08 for lentil, mungbea, chickpea, Blackgram and grasspea but in case of total cost basis, it was 1.18, 1.29, 1.09, 1.09 and 1.19, respectively which shows that pulses are the profitable crop. Bangladesh is showing a deficit in pulses production. Bangladesh has to import two-third of the total pulses requirement which need huge foreign currency. It became an urgent need to increase the production of pulses crops. There are lot of challenges to increase the pulses yield like losses of agricultural char land, adverse climate condition, lack of technological knowledge of pulses production, imbalance fertilizers use and low management practices and marketing problem were the major challenges. But yet there are lots of opportunities like. However, the following recommendations can be helpful to increase the pulses yield. First of all it is essential to review the present char land use policy with the relevant experts, professionals, and farmer’s representatives. The policy should be enacted and put into operation immediately to stop further loss of arable land. Khas lands that are arable should not be diverted for housing, ensure fair price of pulses crop through fixing the floor price, to encourage the use of balanced fertilizers, chemical fertilizers must be integrated with organic manures. Besides these, it is important to ensure quality seed to the farmer’s level, facilitates community-based training system of improved pulses production technologies, strengthening research on the development of a different stress-tolerant variety of pulses, develop location-wise appropriate pulse-based cropping pattern. Encourage the farmers to cultivate crops through cooperatives which would minimize the cost of production along with strengthening the bargaining power of the farmers for their product through forming cooperatives. Upazila Agricultural Office could be a medium to form these types of cooperatives

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings