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Surface Water Qualities in Coastal Moheshkhali Fishing Zones of Bangladesh

M. H. Imran
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

M. S. Islam
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

M. H. Kabir
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

N. T. Meghla
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

M. T. Islam
Bangladesh Water Development Board, Khulna-9000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to explore the physicochemical parameters and anionic properties of surface water from the Moheshkhali fishing zone at Cox's Bazar coastal area of Bangladesh starting from December 2017 to November 2018. The surface water samples were collected from three sampling stations in the Moheshkhali fishing zones covering the seasons of pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon. The selected physicochemical parameters and anions were analyzed in the laboratory of the Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The result of the study showed that temperature, turbidity, pH, TDS, TSS, salinity, DO, BOD, COD, NH3, NO3 - and PO4 3- were ranged from 27.5 to 29ºC, 720 to 890 NTU, 7.1 to 8.5, 311 to 615 mg/L, 17 to 38 mg/L, 10 to 29‰, 6.2 to 6.9 mg/L, 3.25 to 5.5 mg/L, 7.8 to 9.01 mg/L, 1.07 to 2.4 mg/L, 0.48 to 0.75 mg/L and 0.89 to 0.95 mg/L, respectively. Except turbidity, COD and NH3, all others physicochemical and anions of Moheshkhali fishing zones were within the acceptable range of standard limits. The study concluded that the studied marine surface water quality is suitable, which is safe and favorable for production of fishes and other aquatic organisms. But to maintain such type of favorable states, the study suggested for regular water quality monitoring coastal and also all existing rivers/fishing zones in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Water quality, Anionic properties, Seasonal variation, Marine environment

Location: The Bakkhali river of Moheshkhali fishing zone at Cox’s Bazar coastal area of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-12-2017

End Date: 00-11-2018

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fish, Water quality

Objectives:

To provide basic information to the concerned authority for the management of the coastal and marine areas of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Study area: The year round study was carried out in the Bakkhali river of Moheshkhali fishing zone at Cox’s Bazar coastal area of Bangladesh starting from December 2017 to November 2018. The Bakkhali river is the only important river in Cox's Bazar district as well as Moheshkhali upazila. It rises from the ranges that divide Chattogram from Arakan and flows north, then turning to the west flows past Ramu and Cox's Bazar towns and falls into the Moheshkhali channel (Banglapedia, 2015). The sampling area was located into three stations indicated as St-1 (21º29′37.7′′N to 91º56′55.8′′E), St-2 (21º29′22.5′′N to 91º58′01.8′′E) and St-3 (21º29′10.5′′N to 91º59′01.0′′E). Sample collection: The water samples were collected from three different sampling stations in Moheskhali fishing zone which is far from 2 to 3 km from the fish landing center covering the period of pre-monsoon (Feb. to May), monsoon (Jun. to Sep.) and post-monsoon (Oct. to Jan.) seasons. To collect water samples, plastic bottles of 500 ml were used. Prior to collection, the bottles were cleaned by detergent solution and treated with 5% nitric acid (HNO₃) overnight. The bottles were finally washed with deionized water followed by repeated washing with sample water so as to avoid contamination. After sampling, the bottles were screwed carefully, labeled properly for identification, brought to the laboratory and preserved carefully until analysis. Sample analysis: The physicochemical properties of water such as Temperature, Turbidity, pH, Total dissolved solid (TDS), Total suspended solid (TSS), Salinity, Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Ammonia (NH₃); as well as anionic properties viz. Nitrate ion (NO₃- ) and Phosphate ion (PO₄^3- ) were determined in the laboratory of the Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Statistical analysis: The collected data were compiled and tabulated in proper form and were subjected to statistical analysis. The Microsoft Office Excel software was used to present and interpret the collected data. The results of the study were presented in charts and tabular forms.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Environ. Sci., Vol. 38, 1-12, 2020; @ BAED ISSN 1561-9206

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result of the study concluded that most of the physicochemical parameters and anionic contents from marine surface water were found to be suitable for fish growth. The turbidity, COD and ammonia contents were comparatively much higher than the standard limit but before confirmation more samples needs to be taken under analysis. Here continuation of this study is mostly desired under fund allocation from the Government of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal