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A Study on Morphological Characterization of Black Bengal Goat at Three Villages Under Bhaluka Upazila in Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

A. Akhtar
Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

M. A. Hoque
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

A. K. F. H. Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. R. Amin
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. A. Habib
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out in a community goat breeding program at three villages of Bhaluka upazila in Mymensingh district to characterize Black Bengal goat (BBG) by coat color phenotype and morphological body measurements. Data on coat color and body measurements were collected among 200 BBG populations along with different ages and sexes from three villages and analyzed statistically by SPSS 17.0. Among the studied population, black coat color was the highest (53%), followed by brown bezoar (16%), silver bezoar (15%), black with toggenburg pattern (9%), dutch belt pattern (5%), solid brown (3%), and non-distinguished (1%). The average body weight, body length, chest girth, wither height, head length, head width, ear length and ear breadth were 1.36±0.03 kg, 19.40±0.10, 23.72±0.08, 22.88±0.04, 8.42±0.02, 6.41±0.01, 6.64±0.04 and 3.61±0.01cm, respectively at birth. The body weight, body length, chest girth and wither height of male kids were significantly (p<0.05-p<0.001) higher than those of female kids at birth. All the parameters were linearly increased with progressing ages and at 12 month age those traits averaged as 14.38±0.13 kg, 47.51±0.17, 56.94±0.13, 47.17±0.29, 17.42±0.09, 10.77±0.07, 14.42±0.08 and 6.06±0.03 cm, respectively. At six month and onward, all the body measurements in males were significantly (p<0.05-p<0.001) higher than those of females. Strong positive correlations were found among body weight, body length, chest girth, and wither height (ranging from 0.88 to 0.99). From this study, it can be concluded that rather than sex, there have no distinct morphological differences among BBG population of different areas and different coat color variants.

Keywords: Black Bengal goat, Characterization, Color morphology, Body measurement

Location: Gangatia, Borochala and Pachpai of Hobirbari union under Bhaluka upazila of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to explore the morphometric characterization of BBG from three villages’ goat population as to enrich the available information on the study for this matter conducted so far in the country.

Methodology:

Study location, ecology and climate- The study was conducted at rural community level goat flocks of three different villages namely: Gangatia, Borochala and Pachpai of Hobirbari union under Bhaluka upazila of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. The study area is 70 km apart in the north side from the capital city, Dhaka and is bounded by Fulbaria and Trishal upazilas on the north, Sreepur upazila on the south, Gafargaon upazila on the east and Sakhipur and Ghatail upazilas on the west. The study location is geographically located in between 24°16´ and 24°29´ N latitude and in between 90°14´ and 90°29´ E longitudes. The ecology of the three villages is more or less the same. The temperature ranges from 33 to 12°C, and the annual rainfall averages 2147 mm during the study period. Grazing land for the goat is available in Gangatia, Borochala and Pachpai village. Animals and data recording- Before going to execute the community goat breeding program, an explicit baseline survey was conducted among randomly selected households at rural community level goat flocks of the three villages by a well-structured questionnaire to acquire some information on the distribution pattern, population size and morphological characteristics of BBG. For baseline survey, 183 households were randomly selected, and out of 183 households, 73 households were BBG raisers. The animals of the BBG raisers were taken under the consideration of data collection. The subsequent records of those animals for body measurements from birth to 3, 6, 9 and 12-month old were taken during the study period. Body weights were measured in kilogram by a hanging spring balance and other morphological body parameters were measured in centimeter by a measuring tape. Flock management- Traditional housing with semi-intensive management system was practiced by the goat keeper households in the three villages. The bucks and does were allowed to graze separately tethered by rope in naturally available pasture land and adjoining fields of the farmer’s house. Goats were also provided with tree leaves, kitchen waste and leftover from family meals, table salt as well as cut and carry green grass ad lib during the day time. However, pregnant and lactating does were allowed to feed concentrate feeds like rice gruel, rice bran, broken rice, wheat bran etc. at 200 g/day. Fresh drinking water was also supplied for the goat ad-libitum. Does were mated naturally by bucks with unplanned breeding. Vaccination and de-worming were very rarely practiced by the goat keepers. Statistical Model and Data Analysis- The animals were of different populations, ages and sexes and number of observations within each sub-group was unequal. Thus, data were sufficient heterogeneity and hierarchy in nature. As a result, the design of experiment of this study was non-orthogonal factorial in nature. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test for non-parametric variables were performed by SPSS 17.0 (1998) package.

Source of Information: International Journal of Livestock Production; Vol. 12(2), pp. 86-97, April-June 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.5897/IJLP2021.0771

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From this study it was found that color phenotype in BBG is not a determinant on body measurements. However, morphometric characteristics as obtained in this study are more or less likely to be the unique character of this genotype. The strong positive relationship with higher coefficient of determination (R²) values between body weight and body length or body weight and chest girth or bodyweight and wither height indicate that body weight can easily be estimated by developing regression equation from multiple or single body measurement.

Knowledge Management: Journal