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Effect of Salinity Stress on the Germination, Growth and Development of Beet Roots

S M Noor-Ullah
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

P K Dash
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh and University of Florida, USA.

M A Mannan
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The southern zone of Bangladesh has faced trouble in the production of beets due to increasing soil salinization. Tolerant varieties are of utmost importance to compensate for the salinity of the soil. The goal of this research study was to assess the effect of salinity stress on the growth and development of beets. Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes and plants were grown in pots. Salinity (ECe) was adjusted to 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 dSm^-1 via the application of NaCl in both the Petridis and the pots. Untreated seeds and plants were included as a control. Germination speed and other germination and growth parameters were detected that the seedling did not exhibit any salt tolerance. The seedling did exhibit a negative linear relationship between increasing salinity and germination parameters. As for the potted plants, rates of NaCl induced salinity higher than 9 dSm^-1 had marked adverse effect on vegetative parameters and decreased beets yield. Thus, salt imposition progressively impairs seed germination, vegetative growth and development parameters of the beets cultivar (SB001) and SB001 beet cultivar is considered as moderately salinity tolerant and we can cultivate it on lower salinity condition. Key words: Beet, Salinity, Vegetables, Germination, Growth, Development.

Keywords: Beet, Salinity, Vegetables, Germination, Growth, Development

Location: Khulna University, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugar beet, Water salinity

Objectives:

To assess the effect of salinity on germination of beet. · To determine the effect of salinity on yield and yield attributes of beet.

Methodology:

Description of experimental sites: Two subsequent experiments were conducted in Petri dishes at the Molecular Horticultural Laboratory and in pots at the Germplasm Center of Agrotechnology Discipline greenhouse, Khulna University, Bangladesh in 2014. The pot experimental area was in the Agro-Ecological Zone (AEZ) 13, or the Ganges Tidal Flood Plain. Geographical location of the experimental site was 220 47/ North latitude, and 890 34/ East longitude. The experimental site is a subtropical humid climate and is characterized by moderately high temperature and heavy rainfall during the kharif season (April-September) and moderately low temperature with low rainfall during the Rabi season (October-March). The soil used in pots was collected from the Germplasm Centre of Agrotechnology Discipline garden, Khulna University, which belongs to the sandy loam soil type. The texture of the collected soil was clay to clay loam. However, the initial soil condition was non-saline based on EC content (SRDI 2010). Layout of experiment and treatments description: Germination and pot experiments were laid out in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with seven replications. Six salinity levels (ECe) (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 dSm^-1, respectively) were used as treatments in both experiments. Planting materials: SB001 beets cultivar was used as planting material. It is popular cultivar of India. This popular variety is adaptable to wide range of climate. It matures earlier than any other cultivar. Bangladesh have no own beet cultivar. That’s why Indian high yielding cultivar was used. Collected seeds were properly sun dried and then treated with Benomyl fungicide before being placed in Petri dishes. Salinity levels preparation: NaCl compound have been used to simulate osmotic stress effects in petri dish (in vitro) for plants to maintain uniform water potential throughout the experimental period (Kulkarni and Deshpande 2007). Five different salinity levels (3 dSm^-1, 6 dSm^-1, 9 dSm^-1, 12 dSm^-1 and 15 dSm^-1) were used in this experiment. Management of the experiment: Glass petri-dishes (9 cm in diameter) with a tight-fitting lid were used for the germination experiment. Three pieces of sterilized Whatman No.1 filter paper (9 cm in diameter) were used as a matrix for seed germination. Each filter paper was soaked with its respective salt solution, except the control, which was soaked with distilled water. They were then placed in their respective Petri dishes. A total of 1050 seeds was placed in 42 Petri dishes (25 seeds per Petri dish). Six treatments replicated seven times, or forty-two Petri dishes and pots were used in the germination and pot experiments, respectively. The plastic pots were 21 cm × 19 cm × 20 cm in length, width, and height. The pots were filled with proper sun-dried soil, inorganic fertilizers at 100 kg ha^-1 N, 85 kg ha^-1 P, 170 kg ha^-1 K, and organic manure. Germination parameters: A seed was considered germinated at the emergence of the plumule and radicle. The data on germinated seeds was recorded daily, and germination expressed as a percentage. The germination data were calculated using the formulas of different researchers (Keshavarzi 2011; Scott et al. 1984; Bam et al. 2006). Shoot and root length: The shoot and root length of randomly selected seedlings were recorded 7 days after germination using a measuring scale and expressed in centimeters. Statistical analysis: Data has analyzed with the help of SAS JMP 12.2.0 software and mean separation by the Tukey HSD test at p<_ 0.05. Regression analysis was conducted via linear fit model to evaluate the relationship between different germination and growth parameters and salinity levels.

Source of Information: Effect of Salinity Stress, Article-2018

Article Link (Online Journal): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334963151

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Salt imposition progressively impairs seed germination, vegetative growth and development parameters of the beets cultivar (SB001). This indicates that salinity factors significantly interact with germination, growth and development factors of beet, which contribute to reduce yield. Indeed, significant correlation was found between salinity level and yield reduction of beet. This beet cultivar (SB001) is consider as moderately salinity tolerant and we can cultivate it on lower salinity conditions. Further trials are needed with including more cultivars and salinity levels before final recommendation at farmer’s level.

Knowledge Management: Journal