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Exploration of Issues in Local-level Climate Finance Transparency and Accountability in Southwest Bangladesh

Syed Hafizur Rahman
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Md. Nurul Islam
Campaign for Sustainable Rural Livelihoods (CSRL), Dhaka, Banglades

Ziaul Hoque Mukta
Campaign for Sustainable Rural Livelihoods (CSRL), Dhaka, Banglades

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Financing on climate change mitigation, adaptation and resilience are pressing need in Bangladesh, where efficiency, transparency and accountability are very critical. The objective of this study was to investigate the issues in local-level climate finance transparency and accountability. The study was limited to Koyra Upazila of Khulna district and Shyamnagar Upazila of Satkhira district. This research reviewed the significant hazards and vulnerabilities along with identified the most vulnerable community of the study area. It also assesses the need of the community and analyses the capacity of the community following both desk review and participatory research approaches. A mixture of research techniques has been taken such as Key Informant Interview, in-depth interview with stakeholders, Focus Group Discussion and case studies. Semi-structured questionnaire interview with community people administrated to know the peoples` perceptions, need, and attitudes towards climate finance and activities. This study found significant gaps between communities’ needs and taken initiatives where embankment (polder) and water management are the most reported need from the communitys` side. Taken initiatives focused on infrastructure development like roads, cyclone centers. Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) hold the sole authority over embankment and water management. At the same time, the local government identified as the first responder to an embankment and water-related crisis without any official mandate or little scope of the engagement. This study suggested that community engagement through a participatory community monitoring approach could increase the transparency and accountability of the climate-related programme implementation.

Keywords: Shymnagar, Koyra, BWDB, Polder, Adaptation, Local Government.

Location: Koyra and Shyamnagar Upazila are the coastal Upazila of Khulna and Satkhira districts, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Climate change

Objectives:

The objective aimed to investigate the gaps among needs, taken initiatives and implementation. The study was limited to Koyra Upazila of Khulna district and Shyamnagar Upazila of Satkhira district.

Methodology:

Study Area: Koyra and Shyamnagar Upazila are the coastal Upazila of Khulna and Satkhira districts in the vicinity of Sundarban. They lie in the Ganges Tidal Floodplain (AEZ 13) agro-ecological zone (CGC, 2009). In both Upazilas, more than 50% of people rely on rainwater, PSF and pond water for drinking and other household use (BBS, 2012a,b). In Koyra, Amadi and Bagali unions have an acute problem in the source of drinking water. Uttar Bedkashi and Koyra have most of the tube wells in the Upazila. Monda and Sawntal are the ethnic populations in the Upazila. Most of the Mondas live in Koyra, Uttar and Dakshin Bedkashi unions whereas, Sawntals live only in Koyra union (Islam et al., 2018a). In Shyamnagar Upazila, Ishwaripur, Kaikhali, Bhurulia, and Ramjan Nagar unions have an acute problem in the source of drinking water. Kashimari and Padma Pukur have most of the tube wells in the Upazila. Monda is the only ethnic population in the Upazila who live in Ishwaripur, Kaikhali, and Ramjan Nagar unions (Islam, et al., 2018b). Method of Study: This research followed both desk review and participatory research approaches. Secondary data were collected from related books, journals, articles, reports of government and non-government organizations, seminar papers and citizen charters of associated institutions in Bangladesh. On the other hand, to gather specific knowledge regarding programs and projects related to climate change, a mixture of research techniques have been taken such as Key Informant Interview (KII), in-depth interview (IDI) with stakeholders, Group Meetings (FGDs) and case studies. Semi-structured questionnaire interview with community people administrated to know the people’s perceptions, need, and attitudes towards climate finance and activities. Different types of collected data were analyzed using EXCEL software. GIS-based location maps prepared using ArcGIS software. Different climatic hazards and its impacts, livelihood resources (i.e. natural, physical, financial, human and social resources as well as practiced coping strategies of the study areas) were identified using the PRA tools (i.e. KII and FGD). Respondent’s observations were found from personal interviews or group meetings with key persons in the community. The case studies were collected during fieldwork, which has been conducted in July and in August 2017.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Environmental Research, Vol. 11, 12-21, 2020 ISSN: 1996-8914

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above discussion, it can be concluded that local government can play a crucial role in planning, managing, and monitoring climate change programme and expenditure at the local level if they have an official mandate. This study suggested that community engagement through participatory community monitoring approach could increase the transparency and effectiveness of the implementation of adaptation programme. Availability of the information regarding climate change programme and finance at the local level can encourage community people to participate in monitoring and assess taken initiatives.

Knowledge Management: Journal