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Feeding Behavior and Growth Performance of Tade Mullet, Liza Tade (forsskail, 1775) in Brackish Water Gher Farming System

Md. Shamim Parvez
Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

M. Aminur Rahman
Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

M. M. Mufty
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh

M. Zahangir Alom
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to appraise the growth performances, and feeding behavior of tade mullet (Liza tade) in an extensive polyculture gher-farming system. The ghers were occupied with unfiltered estuarine water (15.5 ppt), containing various types of crustacean and fish species. The water was replaced (25-30%) every cosmological cycle through bamboo screens. Tade mullet (4.35±0.80 g) stocked at 2500 fingerlings/ha were attained a mean final weight of 277.42±12.65 g. The result showed an undesirable algometric growth because of the scarcity of food resources in the extensive gher farming system. Feeding concentration in terms of stomach richness increased with increasing fish weight. The study showed that tade mullet is an herbivorous fish, grazing mainly on phytoplankton and organic matter from the bottom sediment in regards of ecological view. Although tade mullet fed on a wide variety of phytoplankton groups including Bacillariophyceae, Myxophyceae and Chlorophyceae according to the order of supremacy, they vigorously select Chlorophyceae followed by Myxophyceae and Bacillariophyceae according to order of preference indicating their ability to select favorite food items.

Keywords: Liza tade, Polyculture, Extensive system, Feeding ecology, Growth performance.

Location: Vathshala, Debhata, Satkhira, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-02-2015

End Date: 00-12-2015

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To assess growth performances and feeding ecology with special emphasis on prey preferences of tade mullet in extensive polyculture system to strengthen the ecosystem approach for brackish water polyculture management.

Methodology:

The trial was carried out from February to December 2015 at Vathshala, Debhata, Satkhira, Bangladesh. Three tide-fed brackish water gher (0.75 to 1.0 ha) located at the bank of a creek of Isamoti river were selected. The ghers were dewatered and sundried at the beginning. Limestone powder was applied to the dried pond bottom at 500 kg/ha during the first week of January. During the tidal period, the unfiltered saline water (15.5 ppt) from the adjacent stream of the river was allowed to let into the gher during the second week of January through a bamboo screen fitted inlet system and each was filled up to a depth of 115 cm. Traditional bamboo screen used in ‘Bhery’ allows entry of small fry of different species but restricts the exit of bigger fishes. Entry of tade mullet fry along with other species was not projected as seeds of L. tade remain available in the south-east and south-west coasts during November–April and north-east coast during July–October. Tade mullet fry was collected during October. They were reared in a different nursery pond before stocking in the gher. Other fish fry entered into the gher along with tidal water were allowed to grow for one month and pre-nursed fingerlings of tade mullet. The weight and size of fingerlings were 4.35 ± 0.80 g and 9.75±0.65 cm, respectively. The stocking density was 2500 fingerlings/ha during February. About 25-30% of water was replaced in every cosmological cycle depending on the plenty of tidal waters throughout the rearing period. It was followed by a common practice during the culture period. The samples of water and fish were collected from three ghers to reject any possible biasness. Then both samples of fish and water were placed with ice in an insulated box before transporting to the field-based laboratory for subsequent analysis. In total, 15 individual fishes were collected randomly during the middle of each month from each of the three ghers (i.e., 45 individuals per sampling) of fishes in each month and the resulting total numbers of 450 fishes were collected and analyzed throughout the study period. Gravimetric data of fishes were collected monthly throughout the experimental period. The total length (TL) in centimeter (cm) was recorded with a slide caliper, while body weight (W) in gram was measured by using a digital electronic balance. The percentages of food composition in the stomach contents under different groups were compared among the fish ghers to evaluate quarry preferences. Differences in final length, final weight, daily weight gain (DWG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival and exponential value of length-weight relationship (LWR) were determined by analysis of variance with the General Linear Model procedure using SPSS for Windows version 17.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago IL USA). Duncan's Multiple Range Test [35] was used for the comparison of treatments. All data were expressed as mean ± standard error (SE).

Source of Information: Int’l Journal of Advances in Chemical Engg., & Biological Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 1 (2017)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.15242/IJACEBS.AE12164045

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings obtained from the present experiment suggest that tade mullet has good growth performance and can be well-thought-out for increased farming, however, the protocols for intensified mono and polyculture has to be uniformly standard. For feeding behavior, the study indicates that tade mullet is mainly an herbivorous fish, which browses on phytoplanktonic cells in the water column and consumes the organic matter from the lower sediments. Although tade mullet fed on Bacillariophyceae, Myxophyceae, and Chlorophyceae according to the order of dominance, they showed preference towards Chlorophyceae followed by Myxophyceae and Bacillariophyceae. Additional research will be desired to unveil feeding strategies of other co-existing species in the studied environment having more importance in aquaculture. This will enable the establishment of optimum species combinations for improved brackish water polyculture based on optimum food sharing and resource utilization as a step forward towards sustainable aquaculture production.

Knowledge Management: Journal