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A Study on Aquatic Biodiversity of Shuthi-shaiduli River of Bangladesh

B. K. Chakraborty
Corresponding author
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh and Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

S. Bhattacharjee
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh

S. Muniya
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total number of 88 species (78 fishes, 4 prawns, 1 crab, 1 snail and 4 reptiles) were identified from the Shuthi-Shaiduli River and its flood plains. About 10 types of operative fishing gear and craft were found in the river. Increasing rates of using current jaal (23.00-30.10%) and Kapuri jaal (17.60-20.90%) were identified as detrimental gear used to kill the different species during four years. A common increasing trend of using current jaal, Kapuri jaal (seine net) and FAD (fish aggregating device) were identified as detrimental gear killing different species between 2016 and 2019. The fish productivity decreased dramatically from 139.32±7.77 to 114.00±3.88 mt within four years and the total production percentage (%) also sharply decreased from 7.97% to 18.17% over the same period. As a result, commercially important 5 aquatic species namely nandina (Labeo nandina), olive barb (Puntius sarana), gazar (Channa marulius) and reptiles (Lissemys punctata and Kachuga tecta) were extinct, 17 commercially important aquatic species were at the edge of extinction (critically endangered, CR), 6 species endangered (EN), 25 species vulnerable status (VU), three species were identified as at lower risk (LR) and only two species of the river were not threatened (NT) in position between 2016 and 2019 in the river.

Keywords: Aquatic fauna, Biodiversity, Extinct, Endangered, Illegal fishing.

Location: Netrokona district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To assess the present status of the river with a view to take on appropriate actions to preserve and manage the aquatic lives.

Methodology:

Location and area of the river: The Shuthi-Shaiduli River comprises an average area of 21-23 km long course with an average depth 2.83±0.02 m. The river is surrounded by Kamargaon, Jurail, Kunapara, Jalapur, Gogbazar and Nowpara villages of Kendua Upazilla under the district of Netrokona. Experimental procedures: Survey of the Koijani-Shingua and its flood plains was conducted during 2016 to 2019 with particular emphasis on soil and water quality, biological productivity and status of fishery exploitation. The Shuthi-Shaiduli river was divided into upper (Kamargaon to Gogbazar) and lower (Gugbazar to Jalalpur, Kandiura union) regions based on soil structure, water quality, biological productivity, fishing activities and river course. Study of Meteorological, physico-chemical parameters and plankton: A bamboo made meter scale was used to measure water depth. Water temperature was measured using a Celsius thermometer and transparency was recorded by using a Secchi disc of 20 cm diameter. Dissolved oxygen and pH were calculated directly using a digital electronic oxygen meter (YSI Model 58) and an electronic pH meter (Jenway Model 3020). Alkalinity was recorded by titrimetric method (Clesceri et al., 1989). Data collection: The Shuthi-Shaiduli river was sampled during winter (mid November to mid February), pre monsoon (mid February to April), monsoon (May to August) and post monsoon (September to mid November) for assessment of aquatic lives abundance and availability. The present study, being a rapid survey, gives only a broad picture of a stock of fishes, crustaceans, crabs, snail and reptiles that was recorded through fish landing center and different market survey, collection of different species directly from fishers' catch, khata fishing (shelter created by branches of trees) and interaction with fishers' in the river. The global conservation was determined following the database of IUCN 2000. Analysis of experimental data: The data were analyzed through one way ANOVA using MSTAT followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test to find out whether any significant difference existed among different means (Duncan, 1955; Zar, 1984). Standard deviation in each parameter was calculated and expressed as mean ±S.D.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biological Innovations, IJBI 3(1): 58-67 (2021); E-ISSN: 2582-1032

Article Link (Online Journal): Doi: https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3104

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

For better management to save the stock of aquatic species in the river, a team of local management comittee like Hilsa fisheries management is needed to develope a working frame-work. The deep area of the river must be declared as sanctuaries to protect the aquatic lives in all season, stricked enforcement of fish Act-1950 in the river, ensured unplanned construction of flood control, embankments, drainage system and sluice gates, conversion of inundated land to cropland (reducing water area); and controlling use of pesticides and agrochemicals in the floodplains area of the river; can save and change the ecosystem and the production level of the river; and can ensure food security of the people of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal