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Examine the Role of Agriculture to Mitigate the Co2 Emission in Bangladesh

Md. Hasanur Rahman
MSS Research Student, Department of Economics, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh

Shapan Chandra Majumder
Associate Professor; Department of Economics, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The current study analyzed the optimum solution to mitigate CO₂ emission in Bangladesh. The significant factor of this study is agricultural productions and activities in Bangladesh are the superior carbon absorber. To estimate the effective result and findings this perusal conducts the Generalized Method of Movement with considering agricultural productions as a key variable to mitigate the CO₂ emission. The econometric result finds that agricultural production reduces carbon emission in selected models. An increase the agricultural activities and green harvesting significantly reduce CO₂ emission. Whatever, the empirical result also states that increasing agricultural production is not only a productive way to mitigate CO₂, also, that CO₂ could be mitigated to invest in agriculture, provide initiative or subsidies in the agriculture sector. The current study provides a substantial way to mitigate carbon dioxide without any harms of economic growth.

Keywords: Carbon emission, Agricultural production, Economic growth, Energy consumption, Bangladesh

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1975

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Carbon sequestration, Income generation

Objectives:

The main objective of this study is to examine the optimum solution to mitigate CO₂emissions in Bangladesh. The specific objectives are: i. To examine the empirical relation between CO₂ emission and agricultural productions ii. To evaluate CO₂ emissions and mitigation way in Bangladesh iii. To analyzes the importance of agricultural production with including forest area and policy analysis.

Methodology:

Examine the optimum solution to mitigate CO₂ emission in Bangladesh, this study conceded time-series data from 1975 to 2017. World Development Indicators (WDI), Knoema, and Indexed Mundi are the main secondary data source for this study. The current study investigates the impact of economic growth, agricultural production, forest, fossil fuel consumption, energy use, and industrialization on CO₂ emission for Bangladesh. The Implicated models are formulated by the author based on economic growth, rapid industrialization, energy consumption in production sectors, and transportations. The agricultural productions and activities including forest area support to increasing the ambient quality however, Bangladesh is known as an agricultural country. Contributions of forest rent to GDP accelerate deforestation which is a major concern for sustainable ambient quality. To measure the relationship between agriculture and carbon emission, The nominal hypothesis is that agricultural productions have a positive impact on CO₂ emissions. Whatever the decision criteria state that in Table 6 for several models. The empirical findings rejected the nominal hypothesis by accepting the task hypothesis. Agricultural production does not increase carbon dioxide emissions (Liu et al., 2017). In the second case insufficient forest area state, the hypothesis is rejected. The economic growth accelerates the carbon discharge that’s present in third cases.

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development; Volume 10, Issue 1 (2020): 392-405

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.aessweb.com/journals/5005

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The current study endeavour to examine the role of agriculture in carbon emission; where agricultural productions and activities are a carbon absorber in Bangladesh. This study conducts considering other reliable variables like economic growth, forest, fossil fuel consumption, energy use, and industrialization to examine the carbon emission. Agricultural production and activities used as the mitigating factor because agriculture is in generally reduced carbon dioxide. The GMM used to examine the empirical result with consideration of endogenous factors is agricultural productions. The empirical result demonstrated in selected models is that economic growth accelerates the carbon emission, the expansion of economic activities increases the carbon gases. The insufficient forest area is unable to absorb CO2 where the forest rest is quite significant to accelerate CO2 emission. Energy consumptions and fossil fuel show a positive impact on carbon emission in selected models. In this section, the mitigating factor as agriculture works to reduce carbon discharge. This study also demonstrated that in the future, the studied country achieved stable and high economic growth and moved to be a developed country. Whenever, after achieving a certain level the economy works to reduce carbon emission which is the fundamental concept of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Suri and Chapman (1998), Miah et al. (2010), Diao et al. (2009) substantiate similar kinds of findings as to the inverted U shape of EKC. The government and regulatory authorities need to take initiatives to increase agricultural productivity. This study demonstrated the importance of reform agricultural policy and regulations to increases agricultural production and activities with limited use of chemical and toxic elements in agricultural activities. The forest area is also included in agricultural production and strict rules and laws also required to reduce deforestation or illegal forest harvesting. Forest harvesting is positive relation to accelerating the CO2 emission, that’s why this study recommended that the forest rent is not necessary to accelerate the total volume of GDP. The current study provides a substantial way to mitigate carbon dioxide without any harms of economic growth. The current study works as a pioneer one, as per our sequential knowledge, this has afforded to examine the induction of agriculture to carbon mitigation in Bangladesh. The current study collaborates the policymakers to increase agricultural activities to alleviate carbon emission, without affecting other economic variables like energy consumption, industrialization, and afforestation.

Knowledge Management: Journal