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Nomadic Herded Duck Production as a Livelihood Tool in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh: a Case Study

S M Rahman
Assistant Professor, Department of Poultry Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Swapon K Fouzder
Assistant Professor
Department of Poultry Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

N R Sarker
Principal Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Recently popularized nomadic duck production systems in Jamuna Floodplains of Sirajganj and Pabna districts and the lower Padma basin in Faridpur and Madaripur districts of Bangladesh were studied. Direct interviewing and FGD (Focus Group Discussion) was carried out to obtain required data for assessing the profitability of farming, and feeding and management practices in the selected areas. The flock size varied from 146-687 number farm-1 depends on the economic base of each farmer. The farmers were categorized into three depending on their number of ducks farm-1 . Price of each duckling averaged BD Tk. 25.55. Nomads usually moved from place to place for searching natural feeds enriched area from the start of monsoon to mid-autumn. During nomadic rearing, a lump sum amount of supplementary feeds including paddy, wheat and maize grains were supplied in the afternoon after day-long scavenging. The egg production was varied with seasons and availability of natural feeds. Economic analysis revealed that a farmer reared 285 ducks was obtained a gross return of BD Tk. 330450 year-1. Non-availability of duck vaccines and insufficient supply of ducklings were the major problems identified in the nomadic duck production system in the areas. It may be concluded that nomadic duck farming is a profitable enterprise and is providing a huge contribution in family income, nutrition and overall livelihood of the farm families in the study.

Keywords: Ducks, Nomadic system, Livelihood

Location: Jamuna Floodplains of Sirajgonj and Pabna districts the lower Padma basin in Faridpur and Madaripur districts

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Duck

Objectives:

In Bangladesh, nomadic duck production system has been popularized very recently in Jamuna Floodplains of Sirajgonj and Pabna districts and the lower Padma basin in Faridpur and Madaripur districts. The migration patterns of these nomadic duck rearing depends on the availability of natural waterbodies and feed resources. The present study was directed towards the identification of present status and technological practices followed by the nomadic duck farmers and also to evaluate its impact as livelihood of the rural households.

Methodology:

A purposive survey was carried out in Jamuna Floodplains of Sirajgonj and Pabna districts the lower Padma basin in Faridpur and Madaripur districts among the farmers adopted nomadic duck rearing system using a pre-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire was pre-tested and finalized. Data were collected on rearing practices, especially on farm size, land holdings, feeds and feeding systems, production and production systems, disease incidence, household income and expenditure, etc. Apart from the individual interviewing, FGDs were conducted taking one session in each district to make qualitative analysis. The FGDs were done to find out the impact of nomadic duck rearing on their socioeconomic conditions and to find out effect of duck rearing on livelihood. A total of 38 nomadic farmers were selected. As the number of ducks farm-1 affects farmers' income (Huque et al 2001), the farmers in the survey were categorized according to duck herd sizes. The total thirty-eight nomads in different districts were divided into three categories having 100-250, 251-500, and above 500 ducks farm-1. Data were edited, re-checked, and tabulated after processing. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics like percentage, mean, and rank where appropriate in the Microsoft Excel package.

Source of Information: IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372. Volume 10, Issue 3 Ver. II (March. 2017), PP 16-20

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9790/2380-1003021620

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Since nomadic duck production is still on a traditional system, location-specific technological interventions are to be carried out to refine the existing practices. Among the diseases, duck plague and duck cholera only causing heavy damage which could be reduced sharply by vaccinating the birds. There are great potentials for an improvement of duck production systems if some constrains could be conquered. The most noticeable constrains are inadequacy in quality ducking and vaccines and lack of technical knowledge in the study area. Regular vaccination and use of balanced supplementary diets may have a great effect on duck production in the localities. This enterprise could provide quality products for human consumption and reducing nutritional deficiencies and poverty reduction. Per annum return from the farm families indicate that nomadic duck farming may be a profitable business.

Government initiatives for organized technological training on duck production practices along with the assurance of availability of quality ducklings and vaccines might have a reflective influence on increased duck population in Bangladesh. If facilities are provided, this enterprise may act as an effective tool for livelihood and food security of the farm families.

Knowledge Management: Journal