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Regional Yield Trial of Chickpea (2016--2017)

M. S. IQBAL
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. M. RAHMAN
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. B. ANWAR
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. S. ZAMAN
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. Z. RAHMAN
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. S. HOSSAIN
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

A. K. M. M. ALAM
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of six chickpea genotypes along with check BARI Chola-5 and BARI Chola-9 for yield and yield-related traits in six locations during Rabi 2016-17. Considering mean data for both days to flower and maturity ICCV 07102 was found earlier. From the mean data across locations ICCV 12110gave the highest pods per plant followed by ICCV 07102 and the lowest from BCX 09010-2. The genotype ICCV 07102 gave the highest mean seed yield followed by ICCV 12110 whereas the genotype BCX 09010-9 was found more stable across the locations. Considering stability parameters and higher yield, finally, three entries ICCV 07102, ICCV 12110 and BCX 09010-9 are selected to evaluate in the next Rabi season under the PVS trial.

Keywords: Genotypes, Chickpea, Regional yield trial

Location: Pulses Research Centre at Ishurdi, Gazipur, Jessore, Madaripur, Barishal and Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

After evaluation of genotypes in a suitable location, it is necessary to evaluate them over locations to assess their performance

Methodology:

Six entries were grown against the check varieties BARI Chola-5 and BARI Chola-9 in Rabi, 2016-2017 under Pulses Research Centre at Ishurdi, Gazipur, Jessore, Madaripur, Barishal and Rajshahi. The experiment was laid out in an RCB design with three replications with a spacing of 50 cm between rows. Each entry was sown in 8 rows of 4 m long plots. Seeds were sown on 14 to 23 November 2016 in the rows carefully by hands about 3 cm depth and then covered by soils. Post sowing irrigation was given to ensure seed germination. Mulching was done and soil crusts were broken. Each of the entries was investigated from seedling to harvest and compared with checks. At maturity, the best individual lines were selected on the basis of disease reaction, insect susceptibility and higher yield. Grain yield was recorded from the whole plot and converted into kg/ha, other yield contributing data were recorded from ten randomly selected plants.

Data were analyzed using Genstat and only the trait yield was subjected to analysis of variance of Finlay-Wilkinson regressions and GGE biplot model of stability analysis. Each genotype was defined by three values: (1) mean yield overall environments, (2) the linear regression (b values) of genotype mean yield in each environment and (3) Wricke's Ecovalence with stability rank for each genotype. BGM was graded according to the (1-9) scoring scale as described by Singh (1999).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report (2016--2017), Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Different genotypes of chickpea showed significant or nonsignificant variation among all the parameters across all the environments. There was no remarkable variation among the entries regarding days to flower and days to maturity. Considering mean days to flowering and maturity ICCV 07102 was earlier across the locations. Among the locations, most of the genotypes took comparatively minimum days to flower and maturity in Barishal. Mean plant height was maximum in BCX 09010-2 (58.7 cm) and minimum in BARI Chola-5 (46.0 cm). The mean highest pod per plant recorded from genotype ICCV 12110 (53) followed by ICCV 07102 and lowest from genotype BCX 09010-2 (43). The number of pods varied from location to location. At Ishurdi, it was maximum ranged 55-91 whereas in Madaripur it was a minimum ranged of 27-34. All genotypes also showed the lowest 100 seed weight at Madaripur (Range: 7.67-9.35g) and the mean bold seeded entry was ICCV 12110 (25.24g) and small-seeded entry was BARI Chickpea-5 (12.95g). The genotype ICCV 07102 gave the highest mean seed yield (1251 kg/ha) followed by ICCV 12110 and ICCV 93954 produced the lowest mean yield (1012 kg/ha) followed by ICCV 12115 across the locations. Compared to six locations, almost all the genotypes produced higher yield (Range: 989-1801 kg/ha) in Ishurdi and lower yield (Range: 643-740 kg/ha) in Madaripur. Regression coefficients ranged from 0.82 (for genotype ICCV 93954) to 1.15 (for genotype ICCV 12110). Five genotypes had regression coefficients greater than 1.0 i.e. they were sensitive to environmental changes in respect of yield. However, three genotypes had a regression coefficient less than 1.0. These genotypes were relatively better adapted to the poor environments and were insensitive to environmental changes in respect of seed yield. Such genotypes could be recommended only for cultivation in unfavourable conditions. However, the check BARI Chola-9 having regression co-efficient closer to unity (1.02) followed by ICCV 12115 and BCX 09010-9 suggest that those genotypes could be recommended for cultivation under any type of environments for higher yield. Therefore, those genotypes can be selected as stable over the environments. Regarding Wricke's Ecovalence, also the genotype BCX 09010-9 and ICCV 12115 possessed minimum values and ranked as 1^st and 4^th respectively rather than the check varieties; these genotypes are more stable across the environment. GGE biplot analysis was done to find out stable genotypes among locations. GGE biplot is exploited for the graphical display of G×E pattern of yield trial data with several advantages. The yield of each cultivar in a tested environment is a result of the genotypic main effect (G), environmental main effect (E) and genotype × environment (GE) interaction in biplot analysis. GGE biplot technique separates two principal components, PC1 and PC2 which are derived from subjecting environment-Centered yield data (the yield variation due to GGE) to singular value decomposition where the horizontal axis (PC1) indicates the main effect of genotype while the vertical axis (PC2) shows the interaction of genotype and environment which is the basic criterion for judging genotypic stability. In this experiment, the first two PCs of the GGE model explained 85.90% of the variation in G+GE. The polygon view of the GGE-biplot analysis helps to detect genotype-by-environment interaction and possible mega environments in multilocation yield trials. Here, eight genotypes represented a polygon and the vertex genotypes corner of the polygon were ICCV 07102, ICCV 12110, ICCV 93954 and BCX 09010-2. They are best in the environment lying within their respective sector in the polygon view of the GGE-biplot; thus these genotypes are considered specifically adapted i.e. most. responsive genotypes. The environments and all the genotypes fall into four quadrants. Among the tested locations, Ishurdi had a larger environmental vector reflecting a high capacity to discriminate the genotypes therefore it should be regarded as the most suitable to select widely adapted genotypes. Vertex genotype ICCV 07102 performed well in Ishurdi and Barishal where genotype ICCV 12110 was best adapted to Rajshahi and Gazipur. Along with two check varieties, genotype BCX 09010-9 and ICCV 12115 close to the origin of axes had wider adaptation i.e. most stable genotypes. In the GGE biplot, genotypes with high PC1 scores have a high mean yield, and those with low PC2 scores have stable yield across environments. Considering these, the genotypes ICCV 07102, BCX 09010-2 and ICCV 12110 were found as higher yielders with less stability.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings