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Taxonomy and Some Aspects of Biology of Punitus Sarana and Punitus Gonionotus

Shikder Saiful Islam*
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Md. Saifuddin Shah
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Md. Lifat Rahi
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Priyanka Biswas
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Md. Rashedul Islam
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Joyanta Bir
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The shar punti, Puntius sarana is a small indigenous and native species of Bangladesh. In the present times because of large scale degradation of habitats and for many of the natural and anthropogenic activities the species has been reduced drastically and considered as an endangered species. On the other hand, Puntius gonionotus has been introduced in Bangladesh from Thailand and considered as an important aquaculture species. The samples of P. sarana and P. gonionotus were collected from Kumar River in Faridpur district and from local markets in Khulna city. Paired sample t-test and multiple comparisons were made for some important characteristic proportions and other biological aspects such as hepatosomatic index, dressing percentage and condition factor were calculated for both the species. Some identifying characteristic proportion were found as; head length: eye diameter = 1:3.48 (P. sarana) and 1:3.435 (P. gonionotus), standard length: head length = 1:3.94 (P. sarana) and 1:3.96 (P. gonionotus), caudal peduncle length 13.25% in case of Puntius sarana and 14.17% in case of P. gonionotus of standard length, hepatosomatic index: 0.6735 (P. sarana) and 1.114 (P. gonionotus), dressing percentage: 18.96 (P. sarana) and 21.29 (P. gonionotus) and condition factor: 1.378328 ± .23041 (P. sarana) and 1.394224 ± .13322 (P. gonionotus) were found. Significant differences were found in various morphometric proportions and meristic characteristics and in hepatosomatic index, dressing percentage and condition factor between the two species.

Keywords: Taxonomy, Biology, Morphometric and meristic, Hepatosomatic index, Dressing percentage, Condition factor

Location: Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Khulna University

Start Date: 00-09-2009

End Date: 00-01-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

Considering the problems attempts were made to compare the taxonomy and other biological aspects (condition factor, hepato-somatic index, food and feeding habits and dressing percentage) in order to determine the biological condition of the two species- Puntius sarana and Puntius gonionotus; as biological knowledge is essential to introduce a suitable species for aquaculture. So, an urgent need was felt to look for any possible means for protection and selective breeding of the species and inclusion of both the species into the culture. Thus the research was conducted to compare Puntius sarana and Puntius gonionotus with respect to their taxonomy and other biological characters.

Methodology:

The experimented fish was collected from Kumar river of Faridpur district and local market of Khulna city. Fifty one specimens of Puntius gonionotus and sixty of Puntius sarana were scored for different morphometric and meristic characters and other biological aspects such as; liver weight, dressing percentage, total weight etc.

The study was conducted for a period of 3 months from November 2009 to January 2010. Measurements were made point to point with dial calipers and data were recorded to tenths of a centimeter. Counts and measurements were made on the left side of specimens whenever possible. Subunits of the head were presented as proportions of head length (HL). Head length itself and measurements of body parts were given as proportions of standard length (SL). Fin rays were counted under a magnifying glass using transmitted light.

Hepatosomatic index determination: Hepatosomatic index was determined by using the following formula:

HSI = LW X 100/BW

Where, LW= liver weight (g) and BW = body weight (g) (de Vlaming et al. 1982)

Dressing percentage determination: Dressing percentage = [Weight of dressed materials/total body weight] x 100

Condition factor determination: The condition factor was calculated by the following formula:

K= W×10² / L³ (King, 1997)

Where, W= body weight in g, L= total length in cm

The obtained data from the experiment was analyzed by using the software Microsoft excel and SPSS. Microsoft excel was used to determine mean, standard deviation, graphs etc. and SPSS was used for regression analysis and for paired sample t-test of characteristic proportions of both the species.

The equation used for regression model was as follows- Y= a + bX

Source of Information: Khulna University Studies Volume 11 (1&2) and 12(1&2): December 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Puntius sarana is a Small Indigenous Species (SIS) of Bangladesh but Puntius gonionotus is an exotic species. The present experiment was successful in determining the morphometric, meristic characters and some other biological aspects of Puntius sarana and Puntius gonionotus. There were significant differences in proportions of different biological attributes. There was no significant difference in scales above lateral line, scales below the lateral line, and fin rays in pectoral, caudal and pelvic fins. In the present study, various biological aspects clearly indicated the suitability of Puntius gonionotus for aquaculture practice for more profit. On the other hand, Puntius sarana is a popular fish species to the people of Bangladesh for its delicious taste. Thus, proper steps must be taken to introduce the culture of Puntius gonionotus to inland aquaculture of Bangladesh to prevent any environmental and ecological disorder. Besides, better management and conservation strategies must be taken for Puntius sarana for maintaining the fish biodiversity as this species is now threatened and has been going towards its extinction.

Knowledge Management: Journal