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Economic Analysis of Rice-prawn-fish Farming Practices in South-west Coastal Bangladesh

Md Asaduzzaman Asad
Department of Fisheries (DoF), 1204 Matshya Bhaban, Ramna, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

Md Nazmul Ahsan*
Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline (FMRT), Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Suman Kumar Saha
Janata Bank Limited, Patkelghata Branch, Satkhira 9421, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field survey through questionnaire was conducted in rice-prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)-fish culture ghers in six villages of Khulna, Satkhira and Bagerhat districts of south-west Bangladesh during March to December, 2008 to assess present culture practices. About 10-25% of the total area of land was converted for building canals and dikes and the remaining area were used for rice cultivation. Boro with prawn and fish appeared to have positive impact on the economic return as well as on the livelihood of the farmers. After harvesting rice, total area were used for prawn and fish culture. Cost benefit analysis revealed that the seed cost of prawn was the highest variable cost. Higher seed cost of prawn and fish can be reduced by ensuring the available supply of seed in proper time. The average Net Return (NR) was BDT 72,395±4,6943 ha-1yr-1 and the Rate of Return (RR) of the rice-prawn-fish farming was 14.64%. Compared with mono crop culture system, the rice-prawn-fish integrated farming in ghers appeared to be economically viable, socially acceptable and environmentally sustainable.

Keywords: Prawn, Rice, Farming, Gher, Economic return

Location: South-western part of Bangladesh in three administrative districts-Khulna, Satkhira and Bagherhat

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Cropping System, Rice, Prawn

Objectives:

Rice-prawn-fish farming is one of the suitable techniques to meet the demand of this age where population is increasing but land is not. By adopting rice-prawn-fish farming farmers can better utilize their land and improve their livelihood and lift-up their social status. This study was undertaken to identify the present status and to assess the return of rice-prawn-fish farming in south-west region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Selection of the study area: The study area was located in the south-western part of Bangladesh in three administrative districts-Khulna, Satkhira and Bagherhat. The farms which are traditionally called ghers were selected randomly from six villages namely Baghdanga, Chandkathi of Tala, Satkhira; Shahapur, Hasanpur of Dumuria, Khulna and Failarhat, Digraj of Bagerhat.

Culture season: The peak season of rice is from January to April and prawn and fish farming is from February to December. Normally High Yielding Varieties (HYV) of rice like IRRI, BIRI, and other hybrid species of rice are cultivated in these areas. Postlarvae of prawn and finfish are stocked in May to June and are harvested from November to January. The culture period of around 10 months is limited to one crop annually (both fish and rice). Feeding practice for fish generally includes use of supplementary diets consisting of a mixture of locally available feed ingredients such as rice bran, wheat bran, oil cake, and fish meal.

Data collection: Data were collected for 10 months from March to December 2008. Primary data collection involved the inspection of the study area in terms of rice, prawn and finfish production, cost structure and profitability. To collect financial information a combination of participatory, qualitative and quantitative methods was used for data collection.

Questionnaire interviews: Visits to rice-prawn-fish farms and primary interviews with 30 farmers were conducted. Rice-prawn-fish farmers were selected through random sampling (Ghers/group of Ghers were selected from six villages). The interviews focused on riceprawn-fish farming systems, productivity, constraints of farming, production costs, returns, and profitability.

Source of Information: Khulna University Studies Volume 14 (1 & 2) : 129-136 : January-December 2017

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Rice-prawn-fish farming offers tremendous potential for food security and poverty alleviation in rural areas. It is an efficient way of using the same land resource to produce both carbohydrate and animal protein. The various sub-sectors in agriculture need to recognize rice-prawn-fish farming as a distinct and viable farming system that farmers can choose to adopt wherever the physical conditions are appropriate.

Knowledge Management: Journal