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Livestock in Bangladesh: Distribution, Growth, Performance and Potential

Sanzidur Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK

Ismat Ara Begum
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Mohammad Jahangir Alam
Department of Agribusiness and Marketing, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The paper examines the distribution, availability, output growth and planning performance of the livestock sector in Bangladesh over the past sixty years. The livestock resources are relatively well distributed. Although availability per ha increased for all types of livestock, a count of 1.55 bovine per ha is seriously inadequate to support draught power requirements. Despite remarkable livestock product growth of 5.4% (dominated by the poultry sector) and a stable GDP contribution of 2.1–3.6%, budget allocations remained <1% of total outlay in subsequent plan periods. A host of interrelated factors such as technical, institutional, and social, are affecting the development of the livestock sector. A comprehensive policy for the livestock sector was launched only in 2005 whose effective implementation and success remain to be seen. Government should encourage private investment in the livestock sector but quality assurance of day-old chicks, drugs, vaccines, feeds, and breeding materials through the legal and regulatory framework is necessary for sustainable development of the livestock sector.

Keywords: Livestock, Distribution, Availability, Output growth, GDP contribution, Planning performance, Bangladesh

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Livestock

Objectives:

The objectives are: (a) ensure supply of adequate livestock and livestock products for human consumption; and (b) increase the supply of animal power and animal wastes for crop production and product processing.

Methodology:

Data on livestock resources, agricultural population and net cultivated areas for each of the 17 regions (greater/former districts) covering the 60 year period were taken from the censuses (1960, 1983/84, 1996 and 2008) and/or nationally representative sample surveys of agriculture and livestock (1977 and 2005) and Ahmad (1958) for 1949 data. Planning information was taken from Five Year Plan documents prepared by the government from 1973 to 2002 after which it was stopped in favour of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) (PC, various issues; IMF, 2005). Other relevant information were taken from various issues of the Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh covering the period 1975 to 2009 published annually by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS, various issues) and also monthly bulletin of the Bangladesh Bank for foreign exchange information (BB, various issues). Where appropriate, average annual compound growth rates were computed using semilogarithmic trend function: lnY = α + βT, where Y is the target variable, T is time, ln is the natural logarithm, and β is the growth rate. For further sustainable growth of the livestock industry, Bangladesh has to face challenges on several fronts, such as the lack of capital, inadequate availability of inputs, inadequate institutional credit, guaranteed and profitable markets for output, quality control and certification of livestock product, value-added in different stages of marketing of livestock products, disease control and credit facility. The private sector is playing a vital role in the production and marketing of livestock products. However, the interface between public and private sector is sadly missing. Government should encourage private investment in the livestock sector but quality assurance of day-old chicks, drugs, vaccines, feeds, breeding materials through legal and regulatory framework is necessary for sustainable development of the livestock sector. The government needs to widen its approach to planning for the livestock sector by increasing budget allocation for the development of this sector along with policy intervention focusing on technical and productivity issues.

Source of Information: Livestock Research for Rural Development, October 2014

Article Link (Online Journal): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265685153

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

For further sustainable growth of the livestock industry, Bangladesh has to face challenges on several fronts, such as the lack of capital, inadequate availability of inputs, inadequate institutional credit, guaranteed and profitable markets for output, quality control and certification of livestock product, value-added in different stages of marketing of livestock products, disease control and credit facility. The private sector is playing a vital role in the production and marketing of livestock products. However, the interface between the public and private sectors is sadly missing. Government should encourage private investment in the livestock sector but quality assurance of day-old chicks, drugs, vaccines, feeds, breeding materials through legal and regulatory framework is necessary for sustainable development of the livestock sector. The government needs to widen its approach to planning for the livestock sector by increasing budget allocation for the development of this sector along with policy intervention focusing on technical and productivity issues.

Knowledge Management: Journal