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Age Related Observations on Gross and Microscopic Changes of Bursa of Fabricius of Commercial Broiler Chicken

M.S. Islam*
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

N.H. Parvez
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

M. Kamruzzaman
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

K.A. Ferdous
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology during the period from January to June, 2010. It was studied to examine the initial appearance, gross developmental changes, histological structure and histochemistry of the bursa of Fabricius of broiler chicken during different stages of their development. The live birds were collected from the commercial Poultry Farm, Dinajpur. Morphometric study of live bird and the organ was performed and statistical analysis was also done. The mean length, diameter and weight of the bursa of Fabricius of broiler chicken were significantly higher (P<0.01) in between each stages of development. Histologically, the bursa of D1 (Day 1) stage was filled up by plicae and devoid of mucoid substances. The plicae contained few bursal follicles of different sizes. But with increasing age, the bursa became larger with the plicae getting taller and thicker, which contained enormous number of large polyhedral primary and secondary lymphoid follicles. Thin wall of the bursa of D1 stage became thicker at different periods (D21, D28 and D35). The age from D21 to D28 was more critical for bursa related diseases for commercial broiler chicken.

Keywords: Age Related Observations, Gross and Microscopic Changes, Bursa Of Fabricius, Commercial Broiler Chicken

Location: Dinajpur sadar thana near the University Hajee Mohammed Danesh Science and Technology, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2010

End Date: 00-07-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Broiler

Objectives:

The present study reveals the microscopic aspect of the bursa of Fabricius and in addition attempts were made to bridge the gap between the gross and microscopic anatomy of the lymphoid organs of broiler chickens. The great importance of these data is bearing on the functional significance of bursa of Fabricius of the broiler chicken. It is hoped that the present investigation will be a base line for the study of lymphoid organs of these birds, and also will provide valuable information to poultry immunologist, pathologist, cell biologist and anatomist.

Methodology:

The broiler chicken were collected from five selected broiler farm where vaccination and other managemental program were performed properly in Dinajpur sadar thana near the University Hajee Mohammed Danesh Science and Technology, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh; skillfully from January to July 2010. The broiler chickens of cobb-500 were divided into six age groups Day-1, Day-7, Day-14, Day-21, Day-28 and Day-35 (D1, D7, D14, D21, D28 and D35 respectively). Each age group was comprised of five chickens. Chickens from each group were killed with cervical subluxation. Food and water was with held two hours before killing and body weight of each chicken were recorded for the calculation of the relative weight of the lymphoid organ. Just after killing of the chickens, the bursa of Fabricius was collected both for gross and histological studies. The gross study included the color, length, weight, diameter and thickness of lymphoid organ. Relative weights of the lymphoid organ was also calculated. For histological study the collected sample were preserved for fixation and then processing for preparing tissue block. The paraffin blocks were cut at 6 µm thickness using microtome machine (Mu 509, Euromex, Japan). Then the sliced tissue was placed on greeze free clean glass slide using adhesive like Mayer’s egg albumin. Then the glass slides were dried at 37^o C temperature for 24 hours in an incubator. After drying the slides the sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) stain for general histological study.

Source of Information: Journal of Science and Technology 12(June 2014): 97-100

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The bursa was surrounded by mesothelium, connective tissue and smooth muscles. Though all the layers of the bursal wall were present, they were not well developed. In the stage of D35 all the components of the bursa were well developed, specially the plicae which were taller and branched with large number of lymphatic tissue in the lamina propria. The age from D21 to D28 days is more critical for bursa related diseases that may be a clue for diagnosis. Further study will provide for the focusing of the lymphatic organs related diseases of human and similarities or dissimilarities with chicken.

Knowledge Management: Journal