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Characterization of Bottle Gourd Germplasm (2016--2017)

M T ISLAM
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

N PERVIN
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted with 72 germplasm of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Mol) Standl.) during 2016-17. Variation was found in early plant growth, plant growth habit, stem pubescence, nature and density of leaf pubescence. Among the germplasm, 64% exhibited pyriform, 26% elongate, 4% oblong, 4% globular and 1% elliptical fruit shape at edible stage. Flattened (57%), depressed (29%), round (11%) and pointed (3%) blossom end fruit shape were observed. Fruit skin colour was very light green (14%), light green (22%), medium green (36%), dark green (24%) and patchi green (14%). Variation was found in fruit pubescence density and fruit ribs. All the germplasm produced angular stem shape, straight tendril type, dentate leaf margin, cordate leaf shape, monoecious sex type, white flower, present of fruit pubescence and soft fruit texture. Leaf length ranged from 23.7 to 32.8 cm and leaf width from 22.9 to 30.9 cm. Good ranged in inter node length, petiole length, main vine length, number of primary branches, node number at which 1st male and female flower appears. Days to 1st male flowering, female flowering and edible fruit harvest ranged from 71 to 95, 75 to 105 and 90 to 128 days, respectively. A good range of variations was also observed in edible fruit length (17.1 to 54.8 cm), width (11.3 to 23.0 cm), weight (1.7 to 6.1 kg) and number of fruits per plant (2 to 7). The highest CV was observed in number of fruits per plant (30.33%) and the lowest was observed in days to 1st male flowering (5%). Some promising germplasm were identified.

Keywords: Bottle gourd, Characterization, Germplasm, Genetic diversity

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Bottle gourd

Objectives:

The experiment was undertaken to characterize the germplasm morphologically, determine genetic diversity, identify salient features for useful traits.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted on bottle gourd at Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, from November 2016 to May 2017. The location of the site is 24.00⁰N latitude and 90.26⁰E longitudes at an altitude of 8.40 m above sea level. Forty-six accessions and 26 newly collected germplasm were used in this study. Accessions for characterization were selected on the basis of initial germination percentages and the number of seeds in the stocks. One seed was planted in a plastic pot (6 cm in diameter approx.) containing a mixture of sandy-loamy soil and decomposed cowdung (1: 0.25) on 24 November 2016. Pits of 50x 50 x50 cm were prepared 10 days before transplanting the seedlings in the main field. Furadan @ 10 g/pit was applied for controlling soil insects. The basal doses of fertilizers including cowdung were mixed well with the soil of the pits and the pits were prepared in such a way that the pit tips remained at least 10 cm above the ground level to facilitate drainage. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and each replication consisted of two plants. The unit plot size was 3 X 3 m. The seedlings were transplanted on 12 December 2016 in the pits. Weeding was done whenever necessary. The plants were irrigated by plastic pipe whenever required. Regular spraying of ripcord 10 EC @ 1.0 ml per litre was applied for controlling the pumpkin bittle. Bordeaux past (1 kg copper sulphate: 1 kg lime: 10 litre water) was applied for controlling gumosis diseases. The recommended doses of manure and fertilizers such as 5 ton/ha cowdung, 50 kg N, 24 kg P, 40 kg K, 14 kg S, 0.70 kg B/ha and 1.0.kg/ha Zn in the form of urea, triple superphosphate, murate of potash, gypsum, boric acid (solubor) and zinc sulphate (monohydrate) were applied in the experimental field (FRG, 2012). The full doses of cowdung, TSP, gypsum, solubor, zinc sulphate and half doses of MP were applied during pit preparation before one week of transplanting. The remaining MP and urea were applied in the four equal installments as side-dressing at 15, 35, 55 and 75 days after transplanting. Qualitative and quantitative data on plant growth fruits characters were recorded as stated by Srivastava et al. (2001) Range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of quantitative data were calculated to assess the variability in the collection.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2016-2017, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Very good, good, and poor early plant vigor was recorded as per descriptor states of which 57% of the collection showed very good early plant vigor Fruit shapes were identified as pyriform, elongate, oblong, elliptical and globular, and pyriform (64%) was dominating in the collection. Flattened, depressed, and round stem end fruit shapes were observed. Moderate green, dark green, light green, very light green patches fruits were harvested from the collection. Moderate green fruits were dominating over other colors. Variation was found in fruit pubescence density. Superficial and absent fruit ribs were observed among the germplasm. All the germplasm produced angular stem shape, straight tendril type, dentate leaf margin, cordate leaf shape, monoecious sex type, white flower, presence of fruit pubescence, and soft fruit texture. Leaf length ranged from 23.7 to 32.8 cm and leaf width from 22.9 to 30.9 cm. Wide ranged in internode length, petiole length, node number at which 1st male and female flower appear. The main vine length ranged from 5.9 to 9.6 m and the number of primary branches per plant ranged from 11 to 34.5. Days to 1st male flowering, female flowering, and edible fruit harvest ranged from 71 to 95, 75 to 105, and 90 to 128 days, respectively. A wide range of variations was also observed in edible fruit length, width, weight, number of fruits per plant, and 100-seed weight. The highest cv (30.33%) was observed in the number of fruits per plant, followed by the node number at which 1st female flower appears, edible fruit length, edible fruit weight, 100-seed weight, and the lowest (5%) was observed in days to 1st male flowering. On the basis of different qualitative and quantitative characters, the germplasm BD-10548, AMA-154 and MAH-14 may be selected as elongate fruit (49.5 to 54.8 cm); BD-10552, BD-10359, and BD-10360 as globular fruit; BD-10338, BD-10551, and BD-10552 as very light green fruit; BD-4600, AMA-208 and R-164 as long viny; BD-10328, AMA-96 and IAH-171 as early fruiting (90 to 96 days);, BD-10329 and BD-10336 as maximum fruiting germplasm (7). The sufficient seeds are kept in conservation for future use.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings