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Characterization of Pumpkin Germplasm (2016--2017)

R AFROZ
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

N PERVIN
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seventy accessions of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) were studied at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur during winter 2016-17 to identify the variations in pumpkin germplasm. Early plant vigor, plant growth habit and leaf size showed the variability among the accessions. Based on the fruit the variations were observed on mature fruit skin colour, fruit skin pattern, stem end fruit shape. Blossom end fruit shape, fruit ridge shape and matured fruit flesh colour. The maximum variations were obtained on fruit shape and mature fruit skin colour. Different types of fruit shapes were found among the accessions like globular 54%, flattened 13%, oblong blocky 16% elliptical 14% and elongate form 3%. In mature fruit skin colour, light brown 31%, brown 19%, deep brown 24%, light green 9% and deep green 7% was observed. Most of the accessions (84%) expressed mottled fruit skin patterns and the rest of them (16%) were uniform. Whereas 60% depressed and 40% flattened both stem end fruit shape and blossom end fruit shape was observed. Superficial 14%, intermediate 79% and deep grooved 7% fruit ridge shape were found. On average, days to 1^st male flower were 90.73 days and days to 1^st female flower were 98 days. The range of fruit length 12 to 31 cm and fruit breath 9 to 29 cm were identified. The mean value of 100 seed weight is 13.91 g. Among the accessions average TSS (Brix) 5.47% was recorded. The maximum coefficient of variation was obtained for yield per plant 68.36% followed by the number of fruit per plant 48.97% and fruit weight 35.19%. Based on sweetness of fruit on brix % like BD-10361 (9% TSS), BD-10063 (9% TSS), BD-8391 (8% TSS) and BD-274 (8% TSS) and yield per plant such as BD-10365 (24.75 kg), BD-232 (24.8 kg), BD-290 (23.84 kg) and BD-10361 (22.2 kg) were selected.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Pumpkin, Germplasm

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Pumpkin

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to study the genetic variability and diversity in pumpkin germplasm, to identify salient features that distinguish germplasm from one another and to identify germplasm having useful traits.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Gazipur during winter 2016-17. Seventy (70) accessions of pumpkin were sown in the plastic pot on 28 November 2016. Plant spacing was 2x2 m and unit plot size was 3 x 4 m. The seedlings were transplanted on 14 December 2016. The recommended doses of manure and fertilizers such as 5 ton/ha cow dung, 100 kg N, 48 kg P, 80 kg K, 28 kg S, 3 kg Zn and 2.1 kg/ha B in the form of urea, triple superphosphate, murate of potash, gypsum, zinc sulphate, and boric acid were applied in the experimental field (FRG, 2012). The full doses of cow dung, TSP, MP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid were applied during pit preparation before one week of transplanting. The urea was applied in the four installments as top dressing at 15, 35, 55, and 75 days after transplanting. Normal cultivation techniques and intercultural operations were followed to have a good crop. Pheromone trap was used for insect control. Thirty-three observations on qualitative (21) and quantitative (12) characters were recorded as per Minimal Descriptors of Agri-Horticultural Crops. Part II (Srivastava, 2001). Range, mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of quantitative characters were calculated.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2016-2017, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, JOydebpur, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Qualitative variations of different characters of pumpkin have been observed. Early plant vigor, plant growth habit and leaf size showed the variability among the accessions. Based on the fruit the variations were observed on mature fruit skin colour, fruit skin pattern, stem end fruit shape. Blossom end fruit shape, fruit ridge shape, and matured fruit flesh colour. The maximum variations were obtained on fruit shape and mature fruit skin colour. In the vegetative stage, 51% germplasm performed well for early plant vigor followed by 33% very good and 16% poor. Good plant growth habits of 56% accessions followed by 30% very good and 14% poor were observed. Small, medium and large three types of leaf size were found, most of them 60% were medium leaf size. Different types of fruit shape were found among the accessions like globular 54%, flattened 13%, oblong blocky 16% elliptical 14%, and elongate form 3%. The maximum variation of mature fruit skin colour was observed light brown 31%, brown 19%, deep brown 24%, light green 9%, and deep green 7%. Most of the accessions (84%) expressed mottled fruit skin patterns and the rest of them (16%) were uniform. Whereas 60% depressed and 40% flattened both stem end fruit shape and blossom end fruit shape was observed. Superficial 14%, intermediate79% and deep grooved 7% fruit ridge shape were found. Sixty percent of accessions having orange colour mature flesh, 31% yellow and 9% cream. All accessions showed dense stem pubescence density and angular stem shape. The tendril was present and coiled type tendril with branching for all accessions. In the case of leaf, undulated leaf margin, cordate leaf shape, silver colour of leaf spot was found. Monoecious sex type and angular grooved peduncle shape were observed.

Range, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of different quantitative characters of pumpkin have been recorded. The range of the number of primary branches was found 2 to 5 and the average number of ridges per fruit was 11.74. On average, days to 1^st male flower were 90.73 days and days to 1^st female flower were 98 days. The average flesh thickness 3.56 cm and the number of fruit per plant was 2.63 was observed. The range of fruit length 12 to 31 cm and fruit breath 9 to 29cm were identified. On average, the yield per plant is 8.95 kg and the fruit weight is 3.31 kg. The mean value of 100 seed weight is 13.91 g. Among the accessions average TSS (Brix) 5.47% was recorded. The maximum coefficient of variation was obtained for yield per plant 68.36% followed by the number of fruit per plant 48.97% and single fruit weight 35.19%. The minimum cv was found for days to 1^st male flower 6.96%. Percent of coefficient of variation indicated the variability among the accessions comparing within the characters. The promising accessions were selected based on the sweetness of fruit on brix % like BD-10361 (9% TSS), BD-10063 (9% TSS), BD-8391 (8% TSS) and BD-274 (8% TSS). Some accessions were selected on yield per plants such as BD-10365 (24.75 kg), BD-232 (24.8 kg), BD-290 (23.84 kg) and BD-10361 (22.2 kg).

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings