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Fishing Gears and Crafts of the Surma River in Sylhet District, Bangladesh

Md. Rasel Mia
Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abu Saleh Md Arif
Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Poly Rani Das
Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Rafiul Islam
Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Md. Alal Hossen
Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to identify the types of fishing gears, crafts and their mode of operation in the Surma River of Sylhet district for a period of six months from March 2017 to August 2017. Questionnaire Interview (QI) and Key Informant Interview (KII), Direct Catch Assessment Survey (CAS) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted to gather information about fishing gears and crafts. The survey was designed to know the main habitat type, people need for operation, length, width, volume, diameter, mesh size, the durability of gears, construction cost, target species, period of operation. A total of 16 different types of fishing gears were identified. All fishing nets were categorized into 6 grouped based on their mode of operation or action and catching of fish viz., lift net, dip net, gill net, seine net, cast net, and push net. Among them 7(seven) lift net, 1 (one) dip net, 2(two) gill net, 2 (two) sine net, 1(one) push net, 1( one) cast net and 1(one) type of hook and 1 (one) type of line was recognized. Two (2) types of fishing crafts were documented from the present study viz. Dinghi nouka and Trawler. Among these gears some were selective for a particular species like Chelapata jal, Boaler jal etc., whereas others account for a number of species caught during operation giving multispecies nature of the fishing. On the other hand, a number of the fishing gears such as Ber jal, Fash jal, and Current jal were found to catch fish irrespective of their size or species and destroys the habitat of the wild species thus causing multiple harms to the fisheries resources of the Surma River. Public awareness and training program should be conducted to the fishermen for sustainable exploitation of fishery resources of Surma River.

Keywords: Fishing gear, Fishing net, Gill net, Fishing craft, Surma River

Location: Surma River in Sylhet district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-03-2017

End Date: 00-07-2017

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Fishing, Fishing gears, Craft

Objectives:

This is why the study was conducted to know the different types of gears and crafts in the Surma River with their detailed information. Considering the above circumstances, the present study was carried out. The objectives of the study was to identify the different types of fishing gears, crafts and their mode of operation with detailed description.

Methodology:

2.1 Description of the study area Sylhet Sadar is an Upazila of Sylhet District in the Division of Sylhet, Bangladesh. Sylhet Sadar is located in between 24°52' and 25°02' north latitudes and in between 91°01'and 91°40' east longitudes. Sylhet Sadar Upazila area 323.17 sq. km. The city of Sylhet is located within central of Sylhet Sadar. It is bounded by Companiganj, Gowainghat and Jaintiapur Upazilas on the north, Dakshin Surma Upazila on the south, Jaintiapur and Golapganj Upazilas on the east, Chhatak and Bishwanath Upazilas on the west. 2.2 Period of the Study: The study was conducted for a period of 6 (six) months from March to August, 2017. The study was conducted based on both primary and secondary data. 2.3 Data Collection The primary data were collected from fishermen, direct observation of fishing gears at the time of operation and from the local fishing gear market. Data about gear size, mesh size, mode of operation, period of operation, building materials, fish species caught, etc. were collected by Questionnaire interviews and personal communication from the River area. Cross-check interviews were conducted with key informants such as Upazila Fisheries Officer (UFO), District Fisheries Officers (DFO) and other fishing related person which helps to solve the contradictory of data or information. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted to get summary of issues such as fishing gear, fishing crafts.

2.4 Data Processing At first the raw data is brought together and then gathered in a master sheet. The collected data were tested to eliminate all possible errors and contradictions, coded, summarized and processed for analysis. For data processing purpose MS Word and MS Excel was used.

2.5 Statistical Analysis During the survey, the length, width, height and mesh size of the net was collected by meter scale and hand measurement. At first, fishermen buys net from market then make the gear of their own desire shape and size. As a result, the size of the gears is different from one another. The average value was taken for the various values of nets.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2018; 6(4): 399-407

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Surma River is rich in valuable fisheries resources. Its carry vast water and nutrients to areas all around the earth. As a result, different types of fishing gears and crafts are used to conduct fishing activities in the Surma River. During field survey, the respondents said that pollution, Siltation, use of destructive fishing gears, dumping of waste materials, Inadequate depth of river, use of fish-killing poison, fishing during breeding season, Drought in summer etc. are responsible for loss of fisheries resources within the Surma River. In this study, a total of 16 different types of fishing gears were recorded which has been categorized into 6 groups viz., lift net, dip net, gill net, seine net, cast net, and push net. Among them 14 fishing nets, 2 hook and line and 2 types of fishing crafts were documented. Regarding to the information gathered so far in this study, it may be concluded that to maintain the sustainable fisheries resources of the Surma River embankment erosion control, stop of indiscriminate gears used and proper management policy for the Surma River is necessary. So, an awareness or training program should be conducted to the fishermen to create awareness of the long-term effects of different fishing gears and to impart knowledge of fishing laws under the supervision of the government as well as non-government organizations.

Knowledge Management: Journal