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Characterization of Ridge Gourd Germplasm (2017--2018)

T JAHAN
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

I AHMED
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

RA CHANDA
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

S RAHMAN
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

MT ISLAM
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

MN ISLAM
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To know about the genetic diversity of 80 accessions of ridge gourd, an experiment was designed in the experimental field of Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, during the Rabi season of 2017-18. Eighty germplasm of ridge gourd were included in the experiment but out of them 44 germplasm were germinated and among them finally, seeds of 40 collections were retained for characterization. Wide variations were found in both qualitative and quantitative characters among the germplasm and concerning fruit weight, the RAI-296, AMA-395, N-6 and RC-155 germplasm were found as the promising lines.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Conservation, Ridge gourd, Germplasm

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur,

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2018

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Ridge gourd

Objectives:

The present study has been designed to study genetic diversity, identify useful traits and predict their potentiality for utilization and conservation.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the experimental field of Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, during the Rabi season of 2017-18. Although about 80 ridge gourd germplasm were included in the experiment out of them only 44 germplasm were germinated and among them lastly, seeds of 40 collections were obtained due to seasonal problems. The germplasm was collected from different parts of Bangladesh. The seeds were sown in the well-prepared seedbeds on last 11 November 2018 and twenty-four days old seedlings were transplanted in the pit of the main plot whereas the unit plot size was 3X2 m². Recommended fertilizers were applied as 20 ton/ha cow-dung, 175kg/ha urea, 175 kg/ha TSP, 150kg/ha MP, 100kg/ha Gypsum, 12.5 kg/ha ZnSO4 and 10 kg/ha Borax stated by Mondal et al., (2011). For proper growth and development of the ridge gourd plants, the trail was made with bamboo and plastic wire. Picking of matured fruits started from the last week of January 2018 and continued up to February 2018. Five times weeding and mulching were done at 20 days intervals over the experimental period. Over the experimental period, some insects and diseases disturbed the plants. To control red pumpkin beetle, mite, and leaf miner, Sevin @ 2g/Lit, Vertimec 18 EC @ 1.2 ml/L, and Ripcord @ 2 ml/L were applied during the seedling and vegetative stage. For controlling leaf blight and root rot disease of ridge gourd, Autostin @ 2g/Lit and Indofil @ 2g/Lit water were applied alternately within 7-10 days intervals. Both qualitative and quantitative data were recorded as per IBPGR descriptor (1981) and those data were analyzed using R software to find out the variability among the germplasm

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2017--2018, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the collection, three different categories of cotyledonous leaf size were found, named as small, medium and large. Observed frequencies of cotyledonous leaf size were significantly different from the frequency of the expected number of equal distribution. The expected number of germplasm for an equal distribution was 14.67. Extend of green colour of cotyledonous leaves may vary in different genotypes/variety of crops. Thus dark green, light green, and a mixture of both were observed in the collection. The observed distribution of frequencies of germplasm palms of Cotyledonous leaf colour was statistically different from the expected number of germplasm for equal distribution (14.67). Leaf shape: Three shapes of leaf, namely ovate, orbicular and reniform were noticed in the collection. The distribution of genotypes under these three categories was significantly different from the frequency of the expected number of equal distribution which was 14.67. The estimated χ²value was 8.91 which was higher than its critical value. Leaf size: As per descriptor three groups of leaf size were recorded namely small, intermediate and large. The distribution of genotypes under these three categories of leaf size was independent as compared to the expected number of their equal distribution 14.67. The collection of genotypes was dominated by the genotypes with intermediate type leaf size. Leaf margin: All the collected germplasm flourished with dentate type leaf margin. Leaf lobe: The leaves of the germplasm were also differentiated for having the different depths of lobes observed as shallow, intermediate and deep. Although the germplasm with intermediate type lobe was dominated in the collection the distribution of germplasm for each group of leaf lobe was not different statistically from the expected number of equal distribution 14.67. The estimated χ²was 1.27 which was lower than its critical value. Germplasm was categorized into four classes on the basis of leaf pubescence namely absent, low, intermediate and high. The distribution of germplasm for each group of leaf-pubescence was statistically different from the expected number of equal distribution 11. pubescence: Three types of ventral leaf pubescence named low, intermediate and high were noticed in the Germplasm. The distribution of germplasm for each group of leaf-pubescence was statistically different from the expected number of equal distribution 11. The estimated χ²was 14.22 which was higher than the critical χ²value. Growth habit: The plants of all the germplasm showed prostate type growth habits and that’s why for their proper growth and development, bamboo supports were given. Stem shape: From the cross-sectional view, it was observed that the stem shape was angular which was noticed in all the germplasm. Stem pubescence: As per the descriptor, on the presence of stem pubescence, the germplasm were categorized into two groups as thin and dense (Table 2). The distribution of germplasm for each group of stem-pubescence was not different from the expected number of equal distribution statistically. The estimated χ²was 2.28 which was smaller than its critical value. Tendril: The plants of all the germplasm produced many tendrils to get support for their growth Flower colour : The plants of all the germplasm flashed with light yellow and yellow coloured flowers where yellow colour showed the dominancy but their distribution for each group of was not different from the expected number of equal distribution statistically. Sex type: Though the plants of the Cucurbitaceae family show different types of sexual attitudes, here all the plants of different germplasm exposed the same sexual form and that was monoecious. Fruit colour: Light green and green coloured fruits were obtained from the germplasm and their distribution for each group was different significantly from the expected number of equal distribution 22. Peduncle shape: It was noticed that the plants of all germplasm had round shape peduncles. Stem-end fruit shape: The stem-end fruit shape of all the plants of germplasm was a pointed shape. Blossom end fruit shape: The plants of all the germplasm produced blossom end fruits. Fruit shape: Among the collection, three different shapes of fruits were found, named oblong blocky, elliptical and pyriform. The observed frequencies of fruit shape were significantly different from the frequency of the expected number of equal distribution. The expected number of germplasm for an equal distribution was 14.22. Fruit skin texture: The fruits of all the germplasm were categorized into three groups on the basis of skin texture named as shallowly wavy, with warts and scabrous. The distribution of genotypes under these three categories was independent as compared to the expected number of their equal distribution 14.67. The collection of genotypes was dominated by the genotypes having shallowly wavy type skin. Fruit rib: Fruits with superficial, intermediate and deep ribs were obtained from the germplasm and their distribution for each group was different significantly from the expected number of equal distribution14.67. Flesh colour: White and cream colour flesh was obtained from the germplasm and distribution of genotypes under these two categories was independent as compared to the expected number of their equal distribution 22. The collection of genotypes was dominated by the genotypes having cream colour flesh. Seed surface: The surface of the seed was exposed as smooth and slightly pitted among the germplasm their distribution for each group was different significantly from the expected number of equal distribution 22. Seed colour: Four different colours of seeds were found among the collection, visually black, grey, brown and white. The observed frequencies of seed colour were significantly different from the frequency of the expected number of equal distribution 66.4. It has been revealed from the present study that fruit weight of ridge gourd has a strong positive relation with fruit length and fruit breadth and regarding fruit weight, the RAI-296, AMA-395, N-6 and RC-155 germplasm are the promising lines for future breeding programs and other research also.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings