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Parasitic Infestation in Clarias Batrachus at Haor Region of North-eastern Bangladesh

Md. Sourove Islam
Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

MM Mahbub Alam
Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Clarias batrachus has a great demand and high market value in Bangladesh. Diseases and parasitic infestations are the most severe limiting factors in culture and management of this fish. The study was conducted to investigate parasitic infestation in C. batrachus during August to December 2016. Fish samples were collected from five beels of two haors of North-eastern Bangladesh. The study summarizes the percentage of prevalence, mean intensity, abundance and the effect of parasite on length and weight of C. batrachus. A total of 113 fishes were investigated of which 100 individuals were found infested with five different parasites i.e. Lytocestus indicus, L. birmanicus, Bovienia serialis, Pseudocaryophyllaeus indica and Orioentocreadium batrachoides. Variations in prevalence were observed in different months. The highest prevalence (100%) was observed in November and the lowest (68.75%) in September. Changes in the nature of growth and loss of weight as a result of parasitic infestation were noticed. Length, weight and condition factors were found greatly affected due to parasitic infestation. The highest gain of mean head length (11.11%) was found at the higher level of infestation in larger length group and the lowest value (2.51%) was found in higher level of infestation of medium length group. The highest loss of weight (21.30%) and the lowest loss of weight (7.65%) were noticed in smaller length group and larger length group, respectively. The highest condition factor (1.20) was found in uninfested fish and the lowest (0.98) in infested fish. This information will be useful for management and aquaculture of the species through prevention and management of the parasitic infestation.

Keywords: Magur, Parasitic effect, Infestation, Length, Weight, Condition factor

Location: Five beels of two haors of North-eastern Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-08-2016

End Date: 00-12-2016

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Parasite

Objectives:

Though only few works have been conducted on these cestodes of fishes from Bangladesh by Sanaullah and Ahmed (1978), Rashid et al., (1983, 1985), Chandra and Khatun (1993), Chandra and Wootten (1997) Khalil et al., (2013) and Laboni NN (2011). Laboni NN (2011) found the loss of weight (1.63%) and the highest percentage loss of weight (26.38%) were noticed in the small length group while it was (7.44%) in large length group. The highest condition factor (1.13) was found in uninfected fish and the lowest (0.85) in infested fish. The present research work was therefore performed to evaluate certain effects of parasitic infestation on length, weight and condition factor and also prevalence, mean intensity, an abundance of Clarias batrachus in relation to month, sex and size.

Methodology:

2.1 Field Work: A total of 113 host fish of C. batrachus were collected during the period from August, 2016 to December, 2016. Live and fresh fishes were collected from five beels of which two from Hakaluki haor of Moulovibazar, two from Tanguar haor of Sunamganj and Dhankuri beel of Zakiganj, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

2.2 Laboratory Work: After collection of the host specimen, they were brought to the Disease Laboratory, Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet. Before investigation the source of the fish was recorded in a data book, the total length (TL), standard length (SL), head length (HL), sex and weight of the fish were recorded. The host fish were divided into 3 length groups (<19, 19-22 and >22 cm). The total length of each fish was taken from the tip of the lower jaw to the tip of the lower lobe of the caudal fin. The head length has taken from the tip of the lower jaw to the operculum while the body length, from the operculum to the tip of the lower lobe of the caudal fin. The method adopted by Desbrosses (1948) was followed to find out the relationship between the head length and the total body length. The formula = (100×lt)/x, where 1t = the length of the head and x = the total body length was applied for all the fish. The fishes were classified into different length groups. The average length and weight of uninfected and infected specimen, belonging to each group were categorized. The loss of weight was then calculated by deducting the average weight of infested fish from that of uninfested fish. Then the percentage of loss of weight was calculated. Based on the intensity of damage, hosts coming under different length groups were categorized and the percentage of loss of weight was calculated. Condition factor was employed to evaluate the effect of parasite on the host. Condition factor was calculated by employing the formula k=100×w/l 3 Where w = the weight of the fish in grams; l = the length in centimeters. The magnitude of parasitism was indicated by the difference in k values of an infested and an uninfested fish.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2018; 6(1): 97-101

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Achievement/Findings:

The parasitic infestation in the host fish was found to vary in different size and sex during different months. Parasitic infestation is one of the concern and most important threats in aquaculture system and wild environment habitats, which threatens fish population and pose a definite barrier to the development and maintenance of health of fishes. The study of parasitology is important from point of view of fishery management, fish yield and to check the spread of human and animal disease for which fish act as a carrier. The parasitic detrimental effects upon fish are diversified. Loss of weight, length were found in the present investigation as a result of parasitic infestation. From the study it can be suggested that, the larger sized fishes are suitable for harvesting. Waterbody management strategy has to perform in proper way to reduce the parasitic infestation as water quality is one of the main factor of parasitic infestation. The disruption of parasitic life cycle have to perform by removing the intermediate hosts from the water bodies in captive areas to eliminate the parasitic infestation though it is difficult in open water bodies. On the other hand pollution of water should be protected to reduce parasitic infestation. Further investigations are suggested on the histopathological effect for detailed understanding of the effect of parasitism on host fish, C. batrachus

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