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Bacterial Community Structure and Infection in Cultured Koi (anabas Testudineus) Fish Species

Md. Shahdat Hossain
National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Shaharior Hashem
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Halim
Bangladesh fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Parvez Chowdhury
Bangladesh fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Shirin Sultana
National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mohammed NA Khan
Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study examined the presence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria species in cultured Koi (Anabas testudineus). A total of twelve (12) samples were collected for the examination of bacteria. Pelleted feed with 2 g/kg Oxytetracycline (OTC) was applied in the pond. Tissues from the gill, intestine and skin were excised under aseptic conditions before and after (OTC) treatment for quantitative analysis. The bacterial population was decreased significantly after OTC treatment but it was significantly increased in control system in skin, gills and intestine of Koi. Respective samples were inoculated in Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI) and incubated then subsequently streaked on MacConkey Agar and Blood Agar for qualitative analysis. Bacteria colony was taken through a series of test for identification. Bacterial species belonging to the genus Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Escherichia, Salmonella and Vibrio were isolated. Bacterial infection in fish farm is crucial to the fish and consumer. The presence of these types of pathogens means the outbreak of serious fish disease in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Koi, Anabas testudineus, Oxytetracycline, Pathogenic bacteria

Location: Al-amin fish hatchery, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Koi/Climbing, Bacteria

Objectives:

Cleaning and evisceration of fish is a common route for pathogenic infection in humans. Antibiotics are used as a fish diseases management and also for enhancing the growth and effectiveness of feed conversion during the last decades. The objectives of this research were to determine the qualitative and quantitative analysis of bacterial species in Anabes testudineus and which organ(s) was more susceptible to bacterial infection.

Methodology:

Four experimental ponds were selected to carry out the present experiment. Koi fry were collected from Al-amin fish hatchery, Mymensingh (24°45'14.0"N 90°24'11.0"E) and released in the pond. Cast net were used to collect fish samples from each four ponds. Three Koi from each pond were randomly selected and length, weight were measured with measuring board and electronic balance respectively. After which they were placed in plastic bag and transported to the laboratory. The fishes were killed by physical destruction of the brain and the number of incidental organisms was reduced by washing the fish skin with 70% ethanol before opening the ventral surface of the belly with sterile scissors to expose the body cavity. Around 0.5-1 g each of skin, gills and intestinal content were taken aseptically and homogenized by mortar. Approximately 0.2 g of each homogenate was then put in a tube containing 2 ml of sterile saline solution. One milliliter of each homogenate solution was serially diluted (10-3 to 10-7). Samplings were done every alternative day after treatment. For qualitative analysis excised Koi tissues were placed into Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI) and then incubated for 24 hrs at 37^oC. These were inoculated into sterile MacConkey (MA) and Blood Agar (BA) and incubated for 24 hrs at 37 ^oC. Bacteria colonies were identified by physical characterization and staining. Pure colonies were then taken through a series of standardized biochemical tests, including Indole, S. Citrate, Urea, Motility, H2S, Catalase, Oxidase, D-Glucose, D-Mannitol, Dextrose, Inositol, Fructose and Galactose. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (Holt, 1977) was used to analyze the various biochemical reactions in order to identify and classify the bacteria. Statistical paired-sample T test was used to test the mean significant difference of bacterial occurrence among the gill, skin and intestine by using SPSS, the significant level was set at P<0.05.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2017; 5(3): 520-524

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is frightening that various infection-causing pathogenic bacteria were found in Koi fish pond. In Bangladesh most of the fish consumed is bought directly from the fishermen and do not pass through any health safety checks. This can create instant serious health effect in the human body. So it would be ensured fish inspection program to regulate the quality of fresh fish from the farm or in the marketplace in Bangladesh. That may be a safeguard to protect the health of consumer.

Knowledge Management: Journal