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Rooting Ability of Cuttings of Swietenia Macrophylla King and Chukrasia Velutina Wight Et Arn as Influenced by Exogenous Hormone

M. A. HOSSAIN
Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

M. A. ISLAM
Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

M. M. HOSSAIN
Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted to explore the rooting ability of cuttings of Swietenia macrophylla King and Chukrasia velutina Wight et Arn. and the influenced of exogenous hormone. During the study, juvenile shoots were collected from coppice forming stools of phenotypically superior selected trees for cutting. Rooting ability of cuttings of both the species were significantly enhanced by the application of exogenous rooting hormone IBA. The highest percentage of rooting (97%) and root dry mass (41.7 mg) of S. macrophylla was observed in cuttings treated with 0.4% IBA and lowest in cuttings without IBA treatment. Though the rooting percentage of cuttings of C. velutina (87-100%) was not significantly influenced by IBA treatment, average number of root (16.9) and root dry mass (32.7 mg) were increased in the cuttings treated with IBA.

Keywords: Chukrasia velutina, Swietenia macrophylla, Stem cutting, Non-mist propagator

Location: Chittagong University campus, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-04-2003

End Date: 00-09-2003

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Mehogani, Cutting

Objectives:

To explore the rooting responses of stem cuttings of these two Meliaceae tree species and the influence of pretreatment with exogenous hormone IBA.

Methodology:

The study was conducted over six months from April to September 2003 at Chittagong University campus situated between latitude 22⁰30´ N and longitude 91⁰50´ E. The University campus enjoys typically tropical monsoon, characterized by hot humid summer and cool dry winter. Growing of stock plants for propagation. Shoots of S. macrophylla and C. velutina were collected from hedgerows established in nursery orchard. The hedgerows were established by topping the selected superior stockplants that were not infested by the insect borer. Four years old stock plant of S. macrophylla and C. velutina growing in stock plants orchard, were topped leaving 30 cm stump above the ground. The average numbers of shoot produced per stump at six weeks (S. macrophylla) or four weeks (C. velutina) were 4 and 18, respectively for cutting. Rooting trials in non-mist propagator. Ninety, one-node cuttings with two leaves trimmed to half (S. macrophylla) from the shoots of the stockplants were put into a non-mist propagator (Kamaluddin, 1996). Similar number of onenode cuttings with three leaflets were also taken for C. velutina (Ahmed et al., 2001) and set into the propagator. Effect of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) on rooting ability of cuttings was explored by treating 30 cuttings of each species with 0.2% IBA and another 30 cuttings with 0.4% IBA solution. Before IBA treatment the cuttings were immersed briefly in a solution of fungicide, Diathane M45 (Rohm & Co. Ltd., France; 2 g per litre of water) to avoid fungal infection. Then they were rinsed and kept under shade for 10 minutes in open air. For IBA treatment cutting base was briefly dibbed into the IBA solution. The cuttings were then planted into a non-mist propagator in completely randomized blocks. The cuttings were planted into perforated plastic trays (12 cm depth) filled with coarse sand mixed with fine gravel. Each tray contains 10 cuttings and served as a plot. Thus the numbers of replicate cuttings per treatment were three. The cuttings were watered once only just after setting into the propagator and no watering was done till the transfer of rooted cuttings from the propagator. At the same time, cuttings from the stock plants serving as control were also set into the rooting trials. The propagator used for experiments was a non-mist propagator (Kamaluddin, 1996). It was simply a polythene enclosure consisting of a wooden frame of 1.8 m in length and 1 m in breadth with a height of 60 cm on one side and 45 cm on the other side. The sides of the frame were kept clear above 20 cm. A clear polythene sheet was lined inside the wooden frame up to the top of the frame so that the sides and base hold enclosed humid air. The base of the propagator was covered with a 10 cm thick layer of moist coarse sand (mixed with fine gravel). The layer supported rooting media in perforated plastic trays (12 cm depth). The rooting medium was a mixture of coarse sand and fine gravel (0.1-0.3 cm). The frame was covered by a closely fitted polythene lid. Data collection and analysis. The rooted cuttings were measured for length and diameter. A number of root developed in each cutting was recorded. Roots of each cutting were separated and dried in oven at 70ºC for 48 h for dry weight assessment. Shoots produced in cuttings was also separated and dried in the oven. Possible treatment differences were explored by the Analysis of Variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Rooting percentage values were converted to corresponding arc sign square root values before putting the data into an analysis of variance.

Source of Information: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY, 1560–8530/2004/06–03–560–564 (Int. J. Agri. Biol., Vol. 6, No. 3, 2004)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.ijab.org

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present study, the two most valuable timber species (S. macrophylla and C. velutina) of Family Meliaceae were investigated for the rooting ability of cuttings. The species are highly wanted plantation species in our country at present due to their high yield and quality of timber. Selection of borer-resistant superior trees from plantations and propagation by juvenile stem cutting might be the best alternative to mitigate shoot borer infestation problem since the present study highlights the potentials of rooting ability of stem cuttings of both the species with or without applied rooting hormone IBA. This may be an important area for future study.

Knowledge Management: Journal