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Analogical Viewpoint of Fisheries and Aquaculture Between Bangladesh and Nigeria: Potential of Knowledge Transferability

Ibrahim Shehu Jega
Department of Forestry and Fisheries, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria

Mohammad Mahfujul Haque
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Idris Miah
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The inland fisheries and aquaculture of Bangladesh and Nigeria were critically examined with a view to comparing their fish production and farming systems, nature of seed supply, contribution to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the transferability of experiences towards the development of the fisheries sector. A review-based study was conducted based on the available information in journals articles, reports, Bangladesh and Nigeria Departments of Fisheries Statistical Year Books, textbooks, thesis and web documents. There are considerable similarities between Bangladesh and Nigeria in terms of geographical position, agro-ecology, fisheries resources and the socio-economic condition, fish-eating tradition and domestic demand for fish consumption of the people. Bangladesh's aquaculture systems though mainly semi-intensive but more developed than that of Nigeria in terms of fish seed and feed supply while Nigeria, though adopts the intensive culture technique but experiences lower production and higher import of fish. From the findings of this review, it could be argued that Bangladesh needs to fully harness its abundant resources such as seeds, ponds, water, so as to achieve self-sufficiency in fish supply and develop export market. Alternatively, Nigeria needs to adopt, diversify and invest more in aquaculture and fisheries receiving learning from an aquaculture growing country, like Bangladesh, so as to increase production and reduce import.

Keywords: Bangladesh, Nigeria, Aquaculture, Inland fisheries, Knowledge transferability

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To comparing their fish production and farming systems, nature of seed supply, contribution to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the transferability of experiences towards the development of the fisheries sector.

Methodology:

By virtue of the geographical location of Bangladesh and Nigeria, they fall in the north latitude of this planet. The physical geography of Bangladesh is slightly variable characterized by two distinctive features: a broad deltaic plain subject to frequent flooding, and a small hilly region crossed by swiftly flowing rivers. Due to this physiographic feature, about 80% of the landmass is made up of fertile alluvial lowlands. The Tropic of Cancer passes through Bangladesh having a monsoon climate characterized by wide seasonal variations in rainfall, high temperatures, and high humidity. Three distinct seasons are generally recognized: a hot, muggy summer from March to June; a hot, humid and rainy monsoon season from June to November; and a warm-hot, dry winter from December to February. In general, maximum summer temperatures range between 38 and 41°C. April and January are the hottest and coolest months, respectively, in most parts of the country which receive at least 2,300 mm of rainfall per year, except for the relatively dry western region of Rajshahi where the annual rainfall is about 1,600 mm. The similarities between Bangladesh and Nigeria in terms of geographical position, tropical weather and soil types to a greater extent indicates the potential of corresponding aquaculture systems adopted. While the earthen ponds predominate in Bangladesh due to the higher water holding capacity of the soil, in Nigeria, the use of earthen ponds is possible in the southern part and along flooded plains and coastal flats. Both countries are endowed with vast inland fisheries and aquaculture potentials and contribute significantly to their continent's share of fish production and consumption. Bangladesh is ranked as the 5th largest aquaculture producing country and 4th largest producer for inland fisheries with an estimated total production of 1 726 066 tons and 957 095 tons in 2012 for aquaculture and inland fisheries respectively (FAO, 2014). Both sectors have recorded remarkable increases in production, 1023991 and 2061057MT, for capture and aquaculture, respectively, (DoF, 2015; FAO, 2016). The shrimp production unit in Bangladesh is locally called “gher” farming, which is combined form of aquaculture and agriculture. This industry diversified the shrimp value-chain with various upstream and downstream segments having very high economic importance of domestic and international seafood trade (DoF, 2015).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 16(3): 523–532, 2018; ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i3.39450

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The transferability of technological knowledge in the field of fisheries and aquaculture between Bangladesh and Nigeria is an important issue of research and development. Unlike Nigeria where laterite soils predominate, the presence of alluvial soils across Bangladesh permits diverse use of ponds for aquaculture. However, due the high population density, other non-conventional aquaculture systems – plastic, wooden and collapsible tanks might be ideal for the land-locked and resource-poor Bangladesh farmers. Emphasis on smoked fish processing and export could also diversify the country’s foreign revenue. The availability of vast rivers and lakes in Nigeria suggests the adoption of cage culture for increased fish production. Nigeria needs to broaden her fisheries and aquaculture system and encourage international participation at the grassroots level. The political will of the two governments is critical for a fruitful and sustainable knowledge transfer. The Nigerian government need to invest more towards aquaculture development. Partnership in the aspect of personnel, training and inter-agency cooperation between Bangladesh and Nigeria is necessary for sharing of research experiences. Most significantly, the substantial progress made in Bangladesh in the hatchery production of some indigenous fish species, if similar trend is followed in Nigeria, diversifying the number of fish cultured through domestication, breeding and culture of wild species, may greatly boost fish production and reduce imports. Though proper adoption of new aquaculture technologies – feed, seed, etc, may require increased capital outlay by the Nigerian government, this might be the ideal option for such a mono economic country seeking for diversification. Incorporation of social, cultural and economic development aspects of fishermen need to be adequately considered in future fisheries development plans in Nigeria.

Knowledge Management: Journal