Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Efficacy on Root-knot (meloidogyne Javanica) of Tomato of Two Alcoholic Plant Extracts with Emphasis on Chemical Investigations

M.T. Khatun
Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh

M.A. Kabir
Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh

M.M. Hasan
Assistant Professor, HSTU, Dinajpur

F. Rahman
Assistant Professor
HSTU, Dinajpur

R.C. Kabiraj
SO
BSRI, Thakurgaon

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to find out the components present in the neem (Azadirachta indica) and biskatali (Polygonum hydropiper) alcoholic leaf extracts and also evaluate their efficacy in controlling the root-knot disease of tomato caused by Meloidogyne javanica along with Curaterr (Carbofuran). Thin Layer Chromatography showed four and three distinct compounds were present in neem and biskatali leaf extracts, respectively. Laboratory experiment showed significant effect of both leaf extracts on mortality of juvenile where neem gave higher percent of mortality than biskatali leaf extracts. In field experiment, all the treatment gave higher plant growth and yield with lower development of gall, egmasses, J2, J3, J4 and adult. Chemical Curaterr and both the alcoholic leaf extracts were used as side dressing after 7 days of inoculation. Curaterr showed superior results over neem and biskatali leaf extracts in case of all plant growth characters; yield parameters along with the number of galls, adult females and different juvenile’s stages of the nematode. Neem leaf extract gave better effect than biskatali in all cases of plant growth characters, yield, gall numbers and nematode development.

Keywords: Neem and Biskatali leaf extracts, Thin Layer Chromatography, Mortality, RootKnot, Tomato

Location: In the lab of Chemistry, Seed Pathology Center and Net house of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Nematodes, Tomato, Extract (plant, seed)

Objectives:

To know the mode of action and its active principle, chemical analysis of the materials is necessary. With this view in mind, the present research work was undertaken with the following objectives: to determine the effect of plant extracts of neem and biskatali on the incidence of root-knot disease of tomato, to study the comparative effect of those extracts and chemical (Curaterr) in controlling root-knot of tomato and to find out the components present in neem and biskatali leaf extracts.

Methodology:

Experiment 1: Chemical investigation on the leaf extracts of neem and biskatali: Neem and biskatali leaves were oven dried overnight at temperature of 85°C. Then the dried leaves were powdered in blender. After powdering, 100 g of each neem and biskatali leaves were kept in cheese cloth and placed in Sox let’s apparatus for extraction. Ethyl alcohol (95%) was used for extraction.This extraction was done by Sox let’s apparatus in a water bath keeping the temperature not more than 85 °C. The alcoholic extracts of both neem and biskatali leaves were then concentrated by a vacuum rotary evaporator.

Thin Layer Chromatographic (TLC) technique was employed for the identification of a number of compounds present in these extracts and Rf values were determined for every spot produced by the compounds. From the TLC it is found that four (4) components are present in neem leaf extract and three (3) components in biskatali leaf extract. Further study should be taken to find out the chemical structures of components are present both in neem and biskatali leaf extracts. The Rf (Ratio of flow) values between solvent front and components were calculated as follows:

R_f = Distance traveled by the component / Distance travelled by solvent front

Experiment 2: Laboratory study of juvenile mortality with alcoholic extracts of neem and biskatali: Eggmasses of Meloidogyne javanica were collected from the roots of brinjal plants which were previously inoculated by a single eggmass of M javanica. Surface sterilization of the collected eggmasses was done with 0.001% mercuric chloride solution for about 1 minute then the sterilized eggmasses were placed on small nylon sieves and kept about 24 hours for hatching. The freshly hatched juveniles were collected and the nematode suspension was diluted in such a way that each ml suspension contained approximately 100 juveniles which were counted with the help of a stereobinocular microscope. Alcoholic extracts of neem and biskatali were diluted separately in 100 ml water and marked it as standard solutions (S). Subsequent dilutions S/2, S/10, S/50 and S/100 were prepared by the addition of required quantity of distilled water. One hundred freshly hatched J2 juveniles were transferred with steripack disposable syringe to petridishes containing 1 ml of various dilutions (S, S/2, S/10, S/100) of plant extracts and petridishes with only distilled water were designated as control. After 12, 24 and 48 hours, the number of dead and living nematodes were counted by observing under stereoscopic microscope and mean percentages were calculated. Based on the mortality test two effective doses (S/2 for neem and S for biskatali) were selected for the pot experiments in order to evaluate their effect on the root-knot of tomato plants inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica.

Experiment 3: Net house experiment Healthy, mature and disease-free seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv. Ratan were collected and surface sterilization was done with mercuric chloride solution (0.001%). Then seed were sown in two pot containing 4 kg sterilized and dried soil containing Sandy loam soil, sand and well-decomposed cowdung at the ratio of 2:2:1. One month aged seedlings were then transplanted in pot. Eight surface-sterilized eggmasses were placed in each pot in two holes (2.5 cm deep), four on each side of the plant after 10 days of transplanting. 10 ml of each extracts and 1 g of chemical (curaterr) were applied as side drench just after 7 days of inoculation. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments and three replications. Four treatments were as follows: T0 = Control, T1 = Neem leaf extract (S/2), T2 = Biskatali leaf extract (S), T3 = Chemical (cureterr). All data were analyzed following standard procedures for analysis of variance. All the experiments were conducted in the lab of Chemistry, Seed Pathology Center and Net house of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Source of Information: J. Sci. Technol. (Dinajpur) Vol. 6:97-102 (2008) ISSN 1994-0386

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Recent reports made by Siddique and Alam (2001) revealed that root-knot development on tomato was significantly inhibited and growth of tomato was significantly improved by using neem based commercial products and aqueous extracts of different neem plant parts. All these reports on chemical nematicide Curbofuran and plant extracts are in agreement with the findings of the present study. From the over all study it has been summarized that chemical Curaterr was superior to plant extract in increasing the plant growth characters with yield by suppressing the galling incidence, eggmass production and nematode development. But, considering the environmental pollution and health hazards alcoholic leaf extract of neem could be used as substitute to chemical nematicide to control root - knot disease of tomato. However, further study is required to establish the action of neem extract on nematode under field conditions and also the chemical investigation on the neem estracts

Knowledge Management: Journal