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A Comparative Study of Newly Released Sugarcane Varieties in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain Soils

M.N.A. Miah
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna

A.S.M. Amanullah
Principal Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna

M.M. Rahman
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna

M.A.B. Siddique
Principal Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna

R.C. Kabiraj
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at growers’ field in twelve locations under Thakurgaon, Panchagar and Setabganj Sugar Mills during 2007-08 cropping season to study the performance of three newly released sugarcane varieties viz. Isd 32, Isd 33 and Isd 37. The maximum number of tillers (197.60 x 103 ha-1 ) were found in the variety Isd 33 at Setabganj location. The variety Isd 33 produced the maximum number of millable cane (105.95 x 103 ha-1) at Panchagar location. But at Thakurgaon and Setabganj the varieties Isd 37 and Isd 32 produced higher number of millable canes of 90.07 ^ 103 ha-1 and 86.70 x 103 ha-1 , respectively. Significantly higher cane height of 3.11 m was recorded in the variety Isd 32 followed by Isd 33 (2.93 m) and Isd 37 (2.77 m) at Setabganj. The maximum girth was found with Isd 37 at Setabganj and Panchagar locations (2.58 cm and 2.48 cm). Highest single stalk weight (1.29 kg and 1.25 kg) was obtained in Isd 37 both at Panchagar and Setabganj locations but Isd 33 showed higher single stalk weight (1.18 kg) at Thakurgaon. Highest brix (20.78%) was obtained from variety Isd 37 among all the tested varieties. Highest cane yield of 105.41 t ha-1 was produced in Isd 37 at Panchagar and the lowest (62.30 t ha-1 ) cane yield was found in Isd 33 both at Thakurgaon and Setabganj locations. Hence among the sugarcane varieties, Isd 37 showed good performance in respect of yield and sucrose content in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain Soils.

Keywords: Comparative Study, Sugarcane Varieties, Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain Soils

Location: Thakurgaon, Panchagar and Setabganj Sugar Mills

Start Date: 00-00-2007

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Comparative study

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

Considering the facts, three newly released sugarcane varieties (Isd 32, Isd 33 and Isd 37) were included in this study to evaluate their performance in the Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain Soils.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at twelve different locations under Thakurgaon, Panchagar and Setabganj Sugar Mills zones in grower’s field during the cropping seasons 2007-08 under AEZ 1 (Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain Soils). The experiment was comprised of three sugarcane varieties viz. Isd 32, Isd 33 and Isd 37 considered as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with four replications and plot size was 10 m x 8 m. It was planted in the month of November to December 2007. Two budded setts of each variety were used as planting materials and placed in the trench end to end keeping and row to row distance 1 m. Source of seed were certified seed plots of Regional Sugarcane Research Station farm, Thakurgaon. Fertilizer application was carried out according to the agro-ecological zones (AEZ). Other normal cultural practices like weeding, mulching and irrigation were done as and when necessary.

Fifty samples were randomly collected from each plot and record yield and yield attributes were. Data were collected in proper time. The yield of a particular variety depends upon the heredity potential of the genotypes and environment where it is exposed to during the course of its life cycle (Yadava, 1993). The varieties grown in the sugar mill zones of Bangladesh are not showing production in farmers' field equally (Paul et al., 1994). Soil and management practices are the main factors for increasing cane yield. Yield of cane was also recorded at harvest. The soils were sandy loam textured with pH 5.5 and low in organic matter. The urea and MoP applied in three equal splits, the first split at the planting time, the second split at tiller completion stage 90 DAP (Days after plantation) and the third at grand growth phase 180 DAP. Full amount of TSP, Gypsum, Zinc sulphate and one third of MoP were applied in trenches and thoroughly mixed with soil prior to setts plantation. After sett placement in trenches Regent 3GR @ 15 kg/ha applied to control termite. Different data on germination, number of tiller, number of millable cane, unit stalk weight (Kg), height (m), girth (cm), brix (%) and yield of cane were recorded. The canes at different locations were harvested mid November to last week of December 2008. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by using analysis of variance and finally least significant difference (LSD) test at P = 0.05.

Performances of the varieties at three sugar mill zones were presented It was revealed from the tables that data on tiller population showed significant differences among the varieties in different locations. Rahman et al. (2008) revealed that the variety Isd 32 produced the highest cane yield (87.37 t ha-1) and the lowest (57.53 t ha-1). The cane yield varied among the varieties due to variation in yield producing attributes like height, girth, unit stalk weight and number of millable cane. The maximum number of tillers 170.20 x 103 ha-1 and 159.02 ^ 103 ha-1 were found in the variety Isd 37 at Panchagar and Thakurgaon locations but Isd 33 gave higher number of tillers (197.60 x103 ha-1) at Setabganj. The minimum number of tiller (105.33 x 103 ha-1) was produced in the variety Isd 32 at Thakurgaon and Setabganj. Similarly, variation in tiller production among the different varieties was reported by Miah et al. (1994) and Rashid et al. (2001).

The variety Isd 33 produced the maximum number of millable cane (105.95 ^ 103 ha-1) at Panchagar where at Thakurgaon and Setabganj locations Isd 37 and Isd 32 produced the higher number of millable canes of 90.07 ^ 103 ha-1 and 86.70 x 103 ha-1, respectively. Lowest number of millable cane 76.99 x 103 ha-1 was observed in Isd 33 at Thakurgaon and Setabganj locations. Cane height and girth are the important attributes which induces the yield of cane per unit area. Significantly higher cane height of 3.11 m was recorded in the variety Isd 32 followed by Isd 33 (2.93 m) and Isd 37 (2.77 m) at Setabganj. No significant difference was observed in cane height at Panchagar and Thakurgaon locations. While considering girth of the cane varieties it was evident from the table that the maximum girth was found with Isd 37 at Setabganj and Panchagar locations (2.58 cm and 2.48 cm). No significant difference was observed in cane girth at Thakurgaon.

Source of Information: J. Sci. Technol. (Dinajpur) Vol. 6:196-200 (2008) ISSN 1994-0386

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Achievement/Findings:

The variety Isd 37 gave the highest cane yield of 105.41 t ha-1 at Panchagar followed by 103.60 t ha-1 and 98.39 t ha-1 at Thakurgaon and Setabganj respectively. Lowest cane yield (62.30 t ha-1 and 75.72 t ha-1 ) were observed in Isd 33 at all locations. Higher brix% of any variety is an indication to produce higher gur and sugar. Considering the brix and yield of cane in the experimental area variety Isd 37 was found superior to other varieties.

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