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Characterization of Brinjal Germplasm (set-i) (2019--2020)

M S UDDIN
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

R AFROZ,
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

S RAHMAN
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M SHAMSUNNAHAR
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M N ISLAM
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is an important popular year-round fruit vegetable in Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted with 248 germplasm of brinjal at Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of BARI, Gazipur, during winter 2019-20 to find out the variability in the germplasm. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance revealed a wide range of variability for morpho-physiological traits. Estimated broad-sense heritability (h²) for all the measured traits ranged from 10.6% to 93%, indicating that all the traits were highly inheritable. Genetic variances were low to high for most morpho-physiological traits, indicating complex genetic architecture. Yield per plant was significantly correlated with Fruit diameter, the number of fruits per plant, percent fruits infestation by brinjal shoot and fruit borer, and fruit weight traits indicating that direct selection based on fruit number and fruit weight might be sufficient for improvement of other traits. The first two principal components (PCs) explained about 81.27% of the total variation among lines for thirty-eight brinjal morpho-physiological traits. Genotype by trait (G×T) biplot revealed superior genotypes with combinations of favorable traits. The average genetic distance was 3.53, ranging from 0.25 to 20.01, indicating high levels of variability among the germplasm. Heatmap explaining the overall performance of the genotypes indicated that the genotypes NSR-10, AC-240, K-29, NSR-8, and AH-101 had higher yield potentiality. Therefore, the selection of these genotypes might play a significant role in the future breeding program.

Keywords: Brinjal, Germplasm, Qualitative and quantitative characters, Genetic diversity

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

The present investigation was carried out to characterize indigenous brinjal germplasm through qualitative and quantitative characters to identify the promising germplasm and provide genetic diversity for the crop improvement program.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during winter 2019-20. A total of 244 accessions and four check varieties were used in this experiment. Direct seeding was done in the well-prepared seedbeds on 14^th November 2018. Thirty-eight days aged seedlings were transplanted in the prepared pits of the main experimental field on 28^th December 2018. The plot size was 3x2.1 m². Each germplasm was planted in a plot of three rows. Row to row and plant to plant distance was 70×60 cm. The experimental design used in the study was Augmented Randomized Complete Block Design (Augmented RCBD) with four check varieties and 12 blocks. All check varieties received 12 replications, giving a total of 284 experimental plots. Fertilizer doses were 10 ton ha^-1 Cowdung, 210 kg ha^-1 Urea, 33 kg ha^-1 TSP, 200 kg ha^-1 MP and 5 kg ha^-1 Borax (Mondal et al., 2011). The full doses of Cow-dung, TSP, and Borax were applied during land preparation before one week of transplanting. Urea and MP were applied in the three equal splits at 15, 35, and 50 days after transplanting. Weeding and mulching were done four times at 25 days’ intervals starting from mid-December. The individual net was used per plot to avoid cross-pollination. Sevin 75 WP @ 0.1 g/pit, Sumithion 60 EC @ 2.5 ml/L and Vertimac 18 EC @ 1.2 ml/L were sprayed for controlling insect and mite, respectively. The data was recorded as per the descriptor developed by IBPGR, 1990.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2019--2020, Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A wide variation was observed in the collected brinjal germplasm. Most of the qualitative characters showed distinct variation among the germplasm. Qualitatively the maximum variation was observed in leaf prickles, fruit calyx prickles, fruit colour at ripening, and fruit flesh density. Quantitatively highest variation was observed in fruit length which was followed by 100 seed weight and yield per plant. The germplasm NSR-10, AC-240, K-29, NSR-8, and AH-101 might be considered as the good yielder among the studied germplasm. The present findings have a great genetic potential for the studied germplasm. Therefore, the promising germplasm identified in the present study might be used in future breeding programs for the crop improvement program.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings