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Role of Threshold Spray of Chemical Insecticides on Sucking Pests, Predator and Y100ield of Cotton

M. R. Amin
Department of Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

D. A. Tithi
Department of Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

H. M. S. Azad
Regional Cotton Research Station, Dinajpur

S. M. A. Hossain
Regional Cotton Research Station, Dinajpur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to know the effect of five chemical insecticides viz. Pillarthane 75 SP, Ninja 2.5 EC, Tundra 20 SP, Nitro 505 EC, and Actara 25 WG on the incidence of major sucking pests, predator and yield of cotton at three locations such as Dinajpur, Jessore and Gazipur of Bangladesh. Findings of the study indicated that the chemicals Tundra 20 @ 1 g / l, Nitro @ 3 ml / l and Actara @ 1 g / l water were more confident and prudent enough to suppress the incidence of cotton jassid, aphid and white fly which resulted higher amount of seed cotton yield. But these chemicals significantly reduced lady beetle abundance and application of Actara showed abrupt reduction.

Keywords: Cotton, Insecticide, Pest, Predator

Location: “Regional Cotton Research and Seed Multiplication Centre, Sadarpur, Dinajpur”

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Cotton, Insects

Objectives:

Augmentation and conservation of natural enemies are of urgent need to reduce the pest population with the minimum disturbance of the environment. Hence, pest status, selection of right doses is a prime need for application of insecticides in the field. So, the present study was undertaken with five chemical insecticides to know their impact on the sucking pests, predator and yield of cotton.

Methodology:

Cultivation of crop: The experiment was conducted during August 2008 to March 2009 at three regional cotton research, training and seed multiplication farm namely Dinajpur, Jessore and Gazipur in Bangladesh. The Land was prepared at field condition by deep ploughing and harrowing followed by laddering. The field layout was done after final land preparation. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with the cotton variety CB-10. The plot size was 10 × 10 m. The spacing between block-to-block and plot-to-plot were 1.5 and 1.0 m and respective footpath was 2.0 m. Seeds were sown on 1st week of August 2008 @ 15 kg / ha in a north-south row. The seeds were sown by hand keeping a distance of 45 cm from plant to plant and row-to-row distance was 90 cm. Necessary intercultural operations such as mulching, weeding, irrigation and application of fertilizer were done properly.

Treatments and application: Five chemical insecticides viz. Pillarthane 75 SP @ 3.5 g / l, Ninja 2.5 EC @ 3 ml / l, Tundra 20 SP @ 1 g / l, Nitro 505 EC @ 3 ml / l, and Actara 25 WG @ 1 g / l water were used in this experiment. Spraying was done by using a knapsack sprayer. All the insecticides were sprayed at the morning hour and whenever the damage of any pest appeared at the threshold level.

Data collection: Effects of the insecticides were assessed by the incidence (number of insect / plant) of pests, predator abundance (lady beetle) and yield of the crop. To estimate the incidence of pests and predator abundance, sampling was carried out from August to December 2008. It was done by weekly scouting taking 5 plants randomly from each replication. Plants were examined for jassid, aphid, whitefly and lady beetle. A scouting form was used during estimation of the pests and predator populations.

Data analysis: Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and the mean values were separated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Sci. Technol. (Dinajpur) Vol. 7: pp--- (2009) ISSN 1994-0386

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Toxicity of chemical highly influences this relationship by killing preys and predators. Nurindah and Bandra (1988) stated that the insecticides have some adverse effects on predator insects. The beneficial insect fauna were adversely affected when insecticides were applied to kill the cotton pests (Khattak et al., 2004). To overcome this, threshold spray usually justifies the use of control measures (Ali and Karim, 1990). In this study, treatments were applied at the threshold level to avoid miss use of money and to safe natural enemies. As a result, lady beetles were abundant in the field. Therefore, the results of this study indicated that threshold sprays of Tundra @ 1 g / l, Nitro @ 3 ml / l and Actara @ 1 g / l water might be considered as economic tools for management of cotton sucking pests.

Knowledge Management: Journal