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Response of Root Growth and Yield of Rice (brri Dhan28) Under Different Irrigation Frequencies and Plant Growth Regulator

Bikash C. Sarker
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

B. Roy
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

R. Fancy,
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

W. Rahaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

S. Jalal
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of Napthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and three irrigation frequencies on root growth and yield of BRRIDhan28. The treatments were control Ho; tap water-control, H1; 50 ppm NAA, H2; 100 ppm NAA and H3; 150 ppm NAA for growth regulator. Irrigation frequencies were W1: always flooded condition, W2: flooded 10 days interval and W3: flooded 20 days interval. Root length, root volume and root weigh (dry & fresh) markedly increased using 100 ppm NAA under flooded condition. The highest root length, root volume, root weight (fresh and dry), dry plant weight and yield was obtained from 100 ppm NAA. It was also observed that the combined application of NAA and flooded irrigation were more effective than the treatment of H2+W2 and H2+W3. The present findings inferred that the combined 100 ppm NAA+flooded irrigation were found to be superior to other treatments for yield, root length and other growth parameters.

Keywords: Growth Regulator, Naphthalene Acetic acid, Root Growth, Yield, and Irrigation Frequencies

Location: At the farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur

Start Date: 24-01-2008

End Date: 05-05-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Water management, Growth regulator

Objectives:

The studies on NAA for rice production is limited in our country, but other countries of the world although provide useful information, that cannot be recommended or practiced without trial in our local condition. Therefore, more researches or trials are necessary to prove the efficacy of NAA. Therefore, keeping these in view, the present investigation was undertaken to identify the suitable dose of NAA in order to achieve quantitative effect on rice production. The specific objectives are to evaluate the effect of NAA on root growth and yield of rice BRRIDhan 28.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in field at the farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during the period from January 24, 2008 to May 05, 2008. The experimental site was medium high land and belonging to the Agro-ecological Zone 1 (AEZ-1) named Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain. A high yielding variety of Boro rice BRRI dhan 28 is used as test plant. The seeds were collected from BADC farm, Dinajpur and raised the seedling a HSTU farm. Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was used for plant growth regulator. Irrigation was applied 10 and 20 days interval to maintain the stress and always flooded condition for control. The irrigation facilities were provided from the deep tubewell which was previously established in the Agricultural farm, HSTU. A total of 36 plots were prepared and each plot was 3 m length and 2 m in wide. There are four doses of PGRs (NAA) and three different irrigation frequencies was used for maintain the treatments. For growth analysis data were collected after 10 days for leaf number, plant height, tiller number and the rice plant were collected after 20 days for fresh dry plant weight, root length, root volume, root fresh and dry weight, and yield at final harvest of the crops.

Preparation and application of plant growth regulator: NAA solution was prepared following the procedure below and the spraying was done at noon by using a hand sprayer. A 100 ppm solution of NAA was prepared by dissolving 100 mg of NAA in a 1 litre cylinder in which 5 ml of ethanol prior to dilution was made in distilled water. The distilled water was added to make the volume 1 liter to get 100 ppm solution. In a similar way 150 ppm and 50 ppm concentrations of the NAA solution were made, by taking 150 mg and 50 mg NAA in liter volumetric flask and the volume was made up to the mark with distilled water. An adhesive namely Tween 20 @ 0.1% was added to each solution. Spraying was done 2 times at 20 days interval by using a hand sprayer from tillering to booting stages. After attainment of the maturity, the whole plant was cut at ground level by a sickle. After recording necessary data the harvested crop hills/ was dried in sun and then in an oven at 65^oC for 96 h.

Procedure of sampling during crop growth period: The data of root length, root volume, root fresh weight, root dry weight, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight were taken after 20 days intervals. For measuring root length the selected stem was cut above 1 cm from the ground. an augar of 20 cm in diameter was used to collect the layer based root sample. The root and other plant parts were carried to the laboratory in properly labeled polythene bag to prevent transpiration losses. Then the collected plant roots were carefully washed using running tap water to remove soil and blotted with blotting paper to remove the adhering water on them. The plants were separated into leaves and stem. Numbers of leaves and tillers were recorded separated in each time. The root dry weight and dry plant weight were taken after an oven dried at 60±2^o C for 72 hours to record constant dry weights. At final harvest, grain was collected and dried. The yield of grain was recorded for the purpose. The collected data were analyzed statistically and the differences among means were compared by using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Sci. Technol. (Dinajpur) Vol. 7: (2008) ISSN 1994-0386

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Achievement/Findings:

The present findings revealed that all the root morphological parameters were improved in the treated plants compared to the control. Among the doses, 100 ppm alone or with water showed the best performance in all morphological characters but within two treatments (100 ppm NAA+ flooded water at different and 100 ppm NAA+ irrigation at 20 days interval), NAA in combination with flooded water on root growth performed better. The root length increased with the advancement of plant age in all treatments. The NAA in combination with flooded water at different growth period had shown a significant effect on root length over control at 41, 61 and 81 DAT. The dose of 100 ppm of NAA+ flooded water produced the highest root length. All the yield contributing characters such as number of tillers, root volume, root dry weight, root fresh weight and yield production were significantly influenced by NAA and water. Amongst the different treatments, there were significant difference in increasing yield and yield contributing characters. NAA 100 ppm+ flooded water recorded 22.95% higher yield than control. The morphological, physiological, yield and yield components parameters were improved in the treated plants than control. It is inferred that NAA 100 ppm + flooded water may be the appropriate combination for on the root growth for water and nutrient acquisition and yield of BRRIdhan28.

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