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Performance of Raised Bed Irrigation in Comparison to Awd and Flood Irrigation for Boro Rice

S. M. I. Hossain
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University experimental farm to evaluate the performance of raised bed irrigation (RBI) system in comparison to alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and flood irrigation (FI) methods for Boro rice (BR 45) during 2012-2013. Four treatments: irrigation in raised bed two rows (T1), in raised bed three rows (T2), alternate wetting and drying (T3) and flood irrigation (T4) were considered for performance evaluation. The highest grain yield of 5.09 t/ha was produced in treatment T3 (AWD) followed by treatment T4 (FI) (4.77 t/ha), T1 (RBI two rows) (4.69 t/ha) and T2 (RBI three rows) (3.91 t/ha). The highest water productivity was obtained in treatment T1 (66.41 kg/hacm) followed by treatment T2 (58.33 kg/ha-cm) and T3 (48.77 kg/ha-cm). The least amount of water required to produce one kilogram (kg) of rice grain was in treatment T1 (1556 l/kg) while the highest was in treatment T4 (2341 l/kg). Treatment T1 (RBI two rows) and T2 (RBI three rows) required 34% and 22% less water than the flood irrigation (T4). Therefore, raised bed irrigation can be adopted for Boro rice in water scarce areas.

Keywords: AWD, Boro rice, Flood irrigation, Raised bed irrigation, Water productivity

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University experimental farm

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Comparative study

Commodity: Water management, Boro rice

Objectives:

The conventional flood irrigation for Boro rice requires about 3000 to 5000 liters of water to produce one kilogram of rice. This can be reduced to about 2000 liters by adopting AWD method. However, this needs to be further reduced to less than 2000 liters of water for one kilogram of rice. The raised bed irrigation can be an option to reduce the irrigation water to optimum level. Hence, the present research project was carried out to evaluate the performance of raised bed irrigation system in comparison to AWD and flood irrigation for Boro rice.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University experimental farm during Boro season in 2012-13. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit experimental plot was 3x4 m2 size and polythene paper was placed between two plots at a depth of 30 cm to protect seepage of water from one plot to others. In addition, 2 m fellow space was kept between the plots to minimize the seepage from one plot to others. Bed was prepared at a height of 5 cm from the ground surface and furrow depth was 10 cm from the ground surface. So, bed height was 15 cm from furrow bed. The following four treatments were assigned in the experiment. T1 = Irrigation in raised bed with two rows of rice (RBI two rows), T2 = Irrigation in raised bed with three rows of rice (RBI three rows), T3 = Alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD), T4 = Flood irrigation (FI)

Irrigation was applied to the flood irrigation plot at a depth of 5 cm at each time while water just was disappeared from the soil surface but water content was still above field capacity. Water in AWD irrigation plot was applied when water went down to 10 cm below the soil surface as measured in the pipes. In raised bed plot, irrigation was applied when water was about to disappear from the furrow beds. Usual management practices like fertilizer application and intercultural operations were done equally throughout the growing season in all treatment plots and the yield characteristics were compared with respect to the yield attained from AWD and flood irrigation.

Source of Information: OSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372.Volume 5, Issue 6 (Nov. - Dec. 2013), PP 82-85 www.iosrjournals.org

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Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the aforesaid results and discussion it is apparent that the irrigation methods have significant influence on water requirement for producing Boro rice. Furrow irrigation in raised bed required the least amount of water while flood irrigation required the highest amount of water. This indicates that flood irrigation required more water for producing the same yield of Boro rice. Because of less water used, the water productivity was the highest in raised bed irrigation system for both grain (66.41 kg/ha-cm) and biomass (58.88 kg/ha-cm). Thus raised bed irrigation can save about 22-34% irrigation water over flood irrigation. Hence, raised bed irrigation can be adopted for Boro rice in those areas where water scarcity is a major problem. However, it would require more labors for raising beds which could be minimized using mechanical aids.

Knowledge Management: Journal