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Evaluation of the Effects of Dietary Vitamin C, E and Zinc Supplementation on Growth Performances and Survival Rate of Rohu, Labeo Rohita (hamilton, 1822)

Mohammad Mamunur Rahman
Upazila Fisheries Officer, Department of Fisheries (DoF),Govt. of Bangladesh

Rubaiyath Rahman
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mohammad Mamun Chowdhury
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Rohu, Labeo rohita is a popular variety of major carps for its highly nourishing quality and prolonged freshness. An experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin C, E and zinc supplementation on growth and survivability of Labeo rohita. Four types of feed were used; Feed A as control feed, Feed B where basal feed supplemented with 100 mg kg-1 vitamin C and E with 10 mg kg-1 of zinc sulphate monohydrate, Feed C where basal feed supplemented with 500 mg kg-1 vitamin C and E with 10 mg kg-1 of zinc sulphate monohydrate, Feed D where basal feed supplemented with 1000 mg kg-1 vitamin C and E with 10 mg kg-1 of zinc sulphate monohydrate. One hundred twenty fish with an average weight of 225± 0.01 g were reared in twelve tanks to achieve four treatments with three replicates where each tank was provided with ten fishes. Significant increase in body weight increase (BWI), and specific growth rate (SGR) were observed in fishes supplemented with the feed C compared to the other groups of fishes fed with feed A, B and D. FCR and condition factor was also lowest when fed with feed C which was significantly different than the feed A, B and D thus indicating positive effects of feed C. Only survival rates were almost similar when Labeo rohita were fed with feed A (control feed) and feed C. Supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E at 500 mg kg-1 feed with 10 mg kg-1 zinc might have effects on the growth performances of Labeo rohita

Keywords: Labeo rohita, Growth performances, Survival, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Zinc

Location: Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Vitamin, Rohu

Objectives:

Zinc has several important roles including prostaglandin metabolism, nucleoproteins formation and controlling growth by zinc-gene interactions. Growth retardation is the result of zn deficiency. As essential component zinc is required for several biochemical processes in fish and the deficiency of zinc leads to growth impairment, mortality, dwarfism and low tissue zinc. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin C, E and zinc supplementation on growth performances and survival rate of Labeo rohita.

Methodology:

2.1. Experimental procedure 2.1.1 Experimental design Four treatments with three replicates were used in this experiment. An indoor rearing system consisting of twelve plastic tanks was used for this purpose. Each tank supplied with almost 750L of water where Labeo rohita with mean weight range of 225 ± 0.01 g was stocked. Each tank provided with 10 fishes with 1:1 ratio of female and male. Before stocking the batch weight of fishes in each tank was also recorded to the nearest gram. Tap water was the source of water supply in the tanks and an adequate level of oxygen in each tank was maintained through artificial aeration by using air pump. About 30% of the water in each tank was exchanged daily.

2.1.2. Feeding trial The experimental feeding trial was scheduled for a period of 4 months. The basal fish feed (Quality Feeds Limited) which consisted of fish meal, soybean meal, wheat flour, vegetable oil, soybean oil, salt, trash fish and vitamin-mineral premix devoid of vitamin C, E and zinc was collected from local market near Central Veterinary hospital which were then formulated to achieve four supplemented feeds; Feed A as control feed, Feed B where basal feed supplemented with 100 mg kg-1 vitamin C and E with 10 mg kg-1 of zinc sulphate monohydrate, Feed C where basal feed supplemented with 500 mg kg-1 vitamin C and E with 10 mg kg-1 of zinc sulphate monohydrate, Feed D where basal feed supplemented with 1000 mg kg-1 vitamin C and E with 10 mg kg-1 of zinc sulphate monohydrate. Brand name of vitamin C was Pol C (Avon animal health), vitamin E was E vet (Acme Laboratories Ltd.) and zinc sulphate monohydrate was Zesup-vet (Square pharmaceuticals ltd.). Fish were fed two times a day with experimental feeds at a rate of 5% of the body weight per day during the whole experimental period. Batch weights of fish were taken every two weeks and feeding were adjusted accordingly.

2.1.3. Waste Water Removal Feces in the tanks were cleaned every day morning by outlet before feeding commenced without creating any disturbances to fish. 2.1.4. Water quality management Routine measurement for water quality (such as temperature, DO, pH etc.) was taken on a weekly basis. 2.2. Proximate composition analysis The proximate compositions of each of the diets were done following the AOAC method [10]. Sampling was also carried out fortnightly. 2.3. Calculation The following variables were calculated: 2.3.1 .Body Weight Increase Body weight increase (BWI) = Wt – W0 [11] 2.3.2 Specific Growth Rate (SGR) Specific growth rate (SGR) = (ln Wt – ln W0) × 100 t -1 [12] 2.3.3. Survival rate Survival rate = Nt × 100 N0-1 [13] 2.3.4.Feed Conversion Ratio FCR = Feed given (dry weight) / Wet gain (wet weight) [14].

2.3.5.Condition Factor Fulton’s condition factor K = W X 100 / L3 [15] Where, W = weight of fish (g), L = Length of fish (cm), Wt and W0 were final and initial fish weights (g) respectively; Nt and N0 were final and initial numbers of fish in each replicate respectively; t is the experimental period in days.

2.4. Statistical Analysis: Data was analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to determine the differences between treatment means demonstrating a significant variation of P value of <0.05 (at 95% confidence intervals) by using the statistical software package IBM SPSS Windows version 20.0 (IBM Corp.) Microsoft Office Excel 2010 was used to produce graphs.

Source of Information: IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372. Volume 11, Issue 2 Ver. I (February 2018), PP 68-74

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.9790/2380-1102026874

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the observations made during the rearing and feeding experiment of Labeo rohita fed on four different types of fish feed. It might be concluded that the formulated fish feed are found to be effective for the better growth of Labeo rohita. Fish feed containing adequate amount of vitamin E, vitamin C and Zinc supplementation might be the best feed for better growth and survival. Current study was completely laboratory based, so future field studies are necessary to determine the original effect of vitamin E, vitamin C and Zinc supplementation.

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