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First Report of Cylindrocladium Cutting Rot on Bangladesh Tea

M. M. R. Akonda*
SO
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar.

R. M. Himel
SO
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar.

M. Ali
CSO
Dept. of Pest Management, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute, Srimangal-3210, Moulvibazar.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to find out the causes of dying of nodal leaf cuttings of tea planted on primary bed at Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI) farm in 2014. The aboveground symptoms of the diseased cuttings were identified as blighting, drying, defoliation of leaves and weak development of dormant axillary buds. The belowground symptoms were recorded as brown to blackish necrotic lesion on the stem that failed to callusing and rooting. Cutting rot symptom was developed at later stage in the primary beds. The fungus isolated from the infected cuttings composed of septate mycelia (157.40ü × 18.15ú) bearing regularly and repeatedly dichotomously branched conidiophores. Conidia (40.75 × 6.65ú) were straight, cylindrical or rod shaped having 1-2 septation. Vesicle (39.69ú × 22.85ú) was clavate in shape. Brown and roundish Chlamydospores were formed in chain and measured as 9.59? in diameter. The disease was identified and confirmed after pathogenicity test as cutting rot of tea caused by Cylindrocladium spp

Keywords: Cutting, Cylindrocladium, Pathogenecity, Tea.

Location: Bangladesh Tea Research Institute farm

Start Date: 00-06-2014

End Date: 00-12-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tea, Diseases

Objectives:

Chlamydospore develops in abundance at later stage of infection as well as in older cultures, and form in chains or clumps. At this stage the cultures appear almost black from below. These clumps of chlamydospores are referred to as microsclerotia (Barnett, 1960; Thies and Patton, 1970; Anon, 1973; Cordel and Skilling, 1975; Cordell, 1976 and Barnard, 1984). In tea, nodal leaf cuttings planted in the primary bed die due to various reasons. The present research was undertaken to describe the disease and its cause found in Bangladesh tea.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Tea Research Institute farm during June-December, 2014. Soil of the farm was well drained, sandy loam in texture containing sufficient organic matter. The soil pH of the farm was ranging from 4.43- 4.5. Data on temperature, rainfall and relative humidity were collected from BTRI weather office and presented in the table-1.

Planting of Nodal leaf cuttings The nodal leaf cuttings bearing a dormant axillary bud were planted on raised primary beds on 15 July, 2014. The primary beds were prepared in June, 2014. The size of each primary bed was 30m × 1.5m. Proper spacing, shading and other intercultural operations were done timely.

Isolation of the pathogen from rotted cuttings The planted cuttings bearing rot symptom were taken in the plant pathology laboratory, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute. Rotted stems were washed with sterile water to remove the surface soil. After washing, infected stems were cut into 1.5-2 mm pieces containing both healthy and diseased part. The inocula were then surface-sterilized by using 30% ethanol for 2 minutes and washed three times with consecutive changes of sterile water. Excess water remained onto the inocula was removed by sterilized blotting paper. Four inocula were plated in each of the five petridishes containing PDA media. The whole operation was done in a laminar air flow cabinet. The petri plates were incubated at 29±10 C and kept under observation for 2 weeks.

Pathogenicity test Inoculum for pathogenicity test was prepared by growing the fungus at 29±1⁰ C for 3 weeks on potato dextrose broth amended with 2 g / L of east extract. Mycelial mats were removed from five growth media and shredded in a conical flask with sterile water. The mycelial suspension was made upto 500 ml. 10 test nodal leaf cuttings were transplanted separately in 10 plastic bags (25cm × 15cm) containing nutrients rich sterilized soil. 50 ml of mycelial suspension was poured in each polybag and then the treated cuttings were kept in a controlled environment. Ten cuttings were kept as untreated control.

Source of Information: Tea J. Bangladesh, 43: 15-23, 2014 ISSN: 0253-5483

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Cutting rot in the primary bed is hitherto a common problem in tea culture. The present finding of the research will provide a preliminary message to the tea associates about the identified causal agent i.e. Cylindrocladium spp., and the assigned disease Cylindrocladium cutting rot of tea. Further research based on environment-friendly control strategies will be continued to save the cuttings from fungal infection in primary beds.

Knowledge Management: Journal