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Socio-economic Status of Buffalo Farmers and Management Practices of Buffaloes in Selected Areas of Jamalpur District in Bangladesh

Md. Samiul Haque
Department of Animal Production and Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Md. Jahangir Alam
Department of Animal Production and Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Lam Yea Asad
Department of Animal Nutrition, Genetic and Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Md. Enayet Kabir
Department of Animal Production and Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Tahmina Sikder
Department of Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field survey was conducted to investigate the farmers’ socio-economic status and management practices of buffaloes along with profitability analysis of buffalo rearing at Madargonj Upazila of Jamalpur district. The data were collected during October to December 2018 from 60 buffalo keepers randomly selected from four unions of Madargonj Upazila through a pre-tested and pre-designed interview schedule. Buffalo rearing was practiced by the middle (30-40 years) aged farmers (51.7%) and almost three fourth of the farmers were illiterate. Buffalo keepers (40%) had medium-sized family and belonged to small category of farmers (50%). Farmers usually purchased one pair of buffaloes and reared for 2 years but they (86.7%) reared buffaloes as their family heritage without any training. Majority of the farmers reared crossbred buffaloes having herd size of 4-10 buffaloes. Buffalo houses were constructed by straw (63.4%), tin (28.3%) and only 8.3% half building. Buffaloes were fed usually with locally available riverside grasses and concentrate feeding was not found in majority of cases (75%). Natural service was the major practice for breeding of their buffaloes. The most prevalent disease is foot and mouth disease although buffaloes were affected by others. Most of the farmers (66.7%) performed wallowing of their buffaloes once a day. Yearly expenditure, gross income and net income were Tk. 9570, Tk. 26400 and Tk. 16830; respectively indicating that buffalo rearing is highly profitable in Madargonj. The annual food and cloth purchasing capacity of the buffalo farmers were found to be increased to 65.60 and 57.24%, respectively along with other parameters. The findings of this study clearly indicated that socio-economic profile of buffalo farmers was improved through buffalo rearing although the management practices need to be improved with scientific approaches.

Keywords: Socio-economic status, Livelihood improvement, Management practices, Buffalo, Cost-benefit

Location: Madargonj Upazila of Jamalpur district in Bangladesh

Start Date: 05-10-2018

End Date: 30-12-2018

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Buffalo, Livelihood

Objectives:

To obtain first-hand information on the socio-economic characteristics of buffalo keepers and existing buffalo management practices being followed by the buffalo keepers in selected Brahmaputra-Jamuna flood plain river basin area of Jamalpur district along with cost-benefit analysis and livelihood changes of farmers towards buffalo rearing.

Methodology:

Study site and farmers’ selection:
The study was conducted at four unions of Madargonj Upazila of Jamalpur district in Bangladesh. A total of 60 farmers from four unions namely Balijuri (25), Char Pakerdha (15), Jorekhali (10), Karaichura (10) were selected adopting PPRS (Proportional Probability Random Sampling) technique of Lahiri (Snedecor and Cochrane, 1989). Farmers who had at least two buffaloes were involved in this study.

Preparation of interview schedule and data collection:
A structured interview schedule was carefully prepared based on the objectives of the study. The questionnaire contained in the schedule was simple, direct and easily understandable by the respondents. The schedule contained open and closed form of questions. The draft interview schedule was pre-tested in the selected areas and modified accordingly. Data were collected during the period of 5 October to 30 December 2018 through face-to-face interviews from individual buffalo farmers. Before making an interview, the objectives of the study were explained clearly to the respondents. Then the questions were asked in a very simple manner with explanation wherever necessary. To collect necessary information from the respondents both interviewing and observation were applied.

Proximate analysis of available feedstuffs:
Proximate analysis of some locally available feeds and fodders fed to buffaloes were done in the Animal Nutrition Laboratory of the Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Dhaka. Representative samples of feeds and fodder were collected from the selected areas, mixed thoroughly, dried, grinded by grinding machine (CYCLOTEC 1093 Sample mill Tecator, Sweden) at the size of 0.5 mm for chemical analysis according to the methods of AOAC (2004) and estimated CP (crude protein), CF (crude fiber), EE (ether extract), NFE (nitrogen-free extract) and ash of feeds and fodder.

Statistical analysis of data:
Collected data from the farmers were checked and cross-checked before transferring to the master sheets. The data was analyzed through SPSS-v-16 computer package program.

Source of Information: Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2020, 4 (2), 49-57; ISSN 2523-1073 (Print) 2523-2983(Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): www.ebupress.com/journal/aajfss

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results showed that management practices prevailed among the buffalo keepers were not in tune of standard recommendations rather buffaloes were raised depending upon the knowledge from their ancestors from long age practiced. No attempts were made to improve the buffalo management and production techniques. The result clearly indicated that livelihood increases dramatically through buffalo rearing in the study area although the buffalo farmers need to be provided knowledge and skill through training in scientific management practices.

Knowledge Management: Journal