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Efficacy of Some Botanical Extracts for Eco-friendly Management of Aphid in Yard Long Bean

Jesmin Ara Khatun
Institute of Environmental Science (IES), University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Md. Abul Kalam Azad
Institute of Environmental Science (IES), University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to find out less hazardous, environmental friendly and locally available botanicals to control bean aphid. Seven plant extracts viz., neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), lemon outer shard (Citrus aurantifolia), wild sunflower (Helianthus petiolaris), water gourd (Lageneria siceraria), green mango (Mangifera indica), bitter gourd (Momordica charanter), fire tree (Delonix regia) and detergent (5 g trix/L) were prepared to control the aphid infestation in yard long bean (variety kagarnatki) in the field. About 100 g of fresh plant parts of each were boiled in one liter of water at 550C for 5 minutes. Then rest the sample for one hour. The solutions were filtered and kept in clean glass bottles. The extract was kept in refrigerator at 40C until use. Then the extracts were sprayed at an interval of 3 days in the experimental field of yard long bean. The damage potential of aphid was counted at every 3 days in a week. Results of this study showed that plant extracts were effective against aphid infestation in yard long bean. Similarly, yield results corresponded positively with the effectiveness of the treatments. In this study, fire tree &water gourd treatment showed 95-98% control of yard long bean aphid, whereas a high number of aphids were found in the bitter gourd treatment (21.27±5.985278). Fire tree and water gourd treatment kept about 21.27 times better performance than that of bitter gourd treatment. Water gourd and fire tree has antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial properties and toxic activity to control insect pests. So, the present finding suggests that the use of plant extracts of fire tree and water gourd treatment to be very effective botanicals to control aphids of yard long bean in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Plant extracts, Bean aphid, Effective, Botanical pesticides

Location: The research field of the campus of Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Yard long bean, Insecticide

Objectives:

To find out the suitable botanical pesticides for the control of aphid control in yard long bean.

Methodology:

Collection of botanicals:
Seven plants were collected from the research field of the campus of Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. After collection, fresh plant parts were washed in running tap water and boiled in fresh water at 550C for 5 minutes.

Preparation of experimental plot:
The field experiment was conducted at the Botanical Pesticides Research Field of the Institute of Environmental Science (IES), University of Rajshahi. The experimental land was first opened with a country plough. Ploughed soil is then brought into desirable final tilt condition by five operations of pouching followed by laddering. The stubbles of the crops and uprooted weeds were removed from the field and the land was properly leveled for the planting of yard long bean. To support the plant growth cow-dung, Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), Muriate of Potash (MP) and Urea fertilizers were applied at the recommended dose. The whole amounts of fertilizers were used as the basal dose during pit preparation. Then, the seeds were sowing in the pit of the experimental plot. The plot was irrigated with freshwater when necessary and other intercultural operations were also done properly.

Preparation of botanical pesticides:
About 100 g of each fresh plant parts were boiled in one liter of water. Then solutions were filtered with a clean filter and kept in glass bottles. The water extracts was kept in the refrigerator at 40C until use.

Method of application:
Botanical pesticides were sprayed in yard-long bean in the experimental field at an interval of 3 days with the help of a knapsack sprayer. One control treatment of without botanical pesticide was maintained in this experiment where only clean water was sprayed.

Pest invasion counting:
The pest invasion was monitored regularly and the damage potential was counted at every 3 days in a week. The number of plants twigs invasion, leaves invasion and the number of leaves perforation was also recorded.

Data collection from the experimental field:
The following data were collected from the experimental field of yard long bean.
1. Number of Aphids
2. Number of twigs
3. Yardlong bean (number & weight)

Statistical analysis of data:
The observed values were statistically analyzed by RCBD. Mean values were adjusted by one-way ANOVA and the significant leaves were tested by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Duncan, 1951) (P < 0.05) using standard software.

Source of Information: Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2020, 4 (1), 8-13; ISSN 2523-1073 (Print) 2523-2983(Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): www.ebupress.com/journal/aajfss

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Out of seven botanical extracts, fire tree and water gourd extracts showed good results for aphid control in yard long beans. The extracts of fire tree and water gourd ensure that 98% aphid control and provide the highest yield of yard long bean. So, these plant extracts can be used instead of toxic synthetic pesticides for the eco-friendly management of aphids. Farmers are advised to avoid toxic chemical pesticides and use botanical pesticides as water extract of water gourd and fire tree for the control of aphid in yard long bean and to ensure quality and safe food for the consumers.

Knowledge Management: Journal