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Comparative Profitability Analysis and Resource Use Efficiency of Beekeeping Using Wooden and Poly Hive in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

F.T. Sadia*
Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

M.S. Hossain
Dept. of Entomology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

R. Begum
Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

M.H.K. Sujan
Dept. of Development and Poverty Studies, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Apiarist traditionally adopt wooden hive in beekeeping. Modern poly hive provides a superior environment to raise and keep the honeybee population more vigorous due to its high-tech internal facilities and sanitary system. This study was conducted to examine the comparative profitability and resource use efficiency of beekeeping using traditional wooden hive and modern poly hive in Bangladesh during 2017-18. A total of 60 beekeepers, all have traditional wooden hive and 15 have modern poly hive, were randomly selected from Sirajganj, Gazipur and Satkhira districts to conduct farm level survey with pre-tested questionnaire. Findings of the study reveal that per hive gross and net return were Tk. 11019.26 and 4082.45 for wooden hive and Tk. 27373.34 and 19838.42 for poly hive, respectively. Total cost of beekeeping was Tk. 6936.81 and 7534.92 per hive for wooden and poly hive, respectively. Besides, benefit-cost ratios (BCR) were 1.59 and 3.63 for wooden and poly hive, respectively. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis reveals that labour, transportation, insecticide, equipment, hive and rental costs had significant influence on the returns of beekeeping. More than two times higher BCR and significant positive dummy variable “modern poly hive” indicate the greater profitability of beekeeping in modern poly hives. Resource use efficiency analysis indicates that labour, insecticide, equipment, and honey extraction inputs were under-utilized while feed, transportation, marketing, hive, colony and rental inputs were over-utilized. Beekeeping is also affected by some constraints including high costs of modern poly hive accessories, lack of skilled labour and initial capital, inadequate transportation and marketing facilities. Government and other related organizations should take necessary measures to mitigate those problems. Based on the findings, it is recommended to adopt modern poly hive in beekeeping.

Keywords: Apiary, Cobb-Douglas production function, Constraints, Honeybee, Profitability, Resource use efficiency.

Location: Sirajganj, Gazipur and Satkhira districts of Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-11-2017

End Date: 30-05-2018

Program Area: Comparative study

Commodity: Bee

Objectives:

Although conducted studies on economic performance of beekeeping around the world, to date, no adequate comparative study has been conducted on the profitability and resource use efficiency of wooden hive and poly hive in this region. The purpose of this study is to contribute in this specific gap of the literature. This study will help the researchers, academicians, policy makers, extension and development workers as well as the beekeepers to know the huge potentiality of commercial beekeeping using modern poly hive and the pros and cons of beekeeping in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Study areas and data sources This study was conducted in Sirajganj, Gazipur and Satkhira districts of Bangladesh. These districts were selected based on the high concentration of bee forages and the availability of beekeepers in blooming seasons. A total of 60 beekeepers from these three districts were selected by applying simple random sampling technique. All the 60 beekeepers had traditional wooden hive and 15 of them had modern poly hive. Primary data were collected from Sirajganj district at the flowering stage of mustard, from Gazipur district at the blooming period of litchi and from Satkhira district at the blooming season of sundarban mangrove plants. Thus, the field survey was conducted with a structured and pretested questionnaire from 1st November 2017 to 30th May 2018. Before finalizing the questionnaire, personal observations and personal interviews with beekeepers, extension workers and honey-bee experts were also done. By conducting a face-to-face interview, data were collected on input use pattern, annual yield per hive, input and output prices and constraints faced by beekeepers during their honey production, etc. Besides, secondary data were collected from different sources such as books, research articles, periodicals, office reports, organizations like BSCIC, Proshika, etc.

Analytical techniques Collected primary data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics like mean and percentage were used to investigate the use of different inputs on honey production by the beekeepers. Profitability of beekeeping was estimated by using following formula (as used by Sujan et al., 2017a & b):

To identify the constraints faced in beekeeping, open-ended questions regarding the problems of beekeeping were asked to the respondents. Identified constraints were ranked based on their frequencies.

Source of Information: Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 84-91, June 2021 ISSN: 2224-0616

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v11i1.54470

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study was conducted to estimate the comparative profitability and resource use efficiency of beekeeping using traditional wooden hive and modern poly hive in some selected areas of Bangladesh. Findings of the study reveal that beekeeping in both the traditional and modern poly hive technology was profitable. BCR comparison and significant positive dummy variable ‘modern poly hive’ imply that beekeeping in modern poly hive was more profitable than the traditional wooden hive. Major inputs i.e. labour, transportation, insecticide, equipment, hive and rental costs significantly influenced the returns of beekeeping. However, labour, insecticide, equipment, and honey extraction inputs were under-utilized while feed, transportation, marketing, hive, colony and rental cost inputs were over-utilized. Beekeepers could increase their resource use efficiency by optimizing the use of those inputs. Based on the findings, beekeeping in modern poly hive is recommended for enhancing profitability and resource use efficiency in beekeeping. Necessary steps from government and other related organizations to mitigate the problems of high costs of modern poly hive accessories, lack of skilled labour and initial capital, inadequate transportation and marketing facilities, will also help to flourish this apiary industry.

Knowledge Management: Journal