M. Ilias
Assistant Professor
Department of Sociology, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh.
Rural-urban migration, Street vendors, Informal sector, Employment, Migrant’s family, Rural development.
Rangpur city of Bangladesh
Socio-economic and Policy
Migration, Problem
The study area was Rangpur city since many people migrate to Rangpur to earn their livelihood. To study the street vending activities in the core city of Rangpur, six main locations were selected purposively. Lalbag, Jahaj Company More, Shapla Chattar, Khamar More, Railway station, and Dhap Medical More were selected to cover different types of vendors such as cloth vendors, vegetable vendors, food and other mixed vendors. In this particular study, the population size was not possible to know exactly and that’s why 110 street vendors were selected from an infinite population size. At the very first stage six areas were selected purposively for sampling purpose. Then again using purposive sampling technique 110 street vendors were selected. Since a probability sampling would fail to ensure the diversity of street vendors, by using purposive sampling it was ensured that various categories of street vendors were selected. An interview schedule with both open ended and closed ended questions was used to collect primary data and observation was followed for analyzing and narrating some issues. Data collection process was accomplished between March 2017 to April 2017. In order to support the quantitative data open ended questions helped to accumulate data which were qualitative and in-depth in nature. The collected data in itself does not contain meaning and the act of data processing and analysis has the objective of bringing meaning to the data and displays it to the audience. The collected data were tabulated on the basis of different characteristics. Then quantitative data analysis was done through frequency distribution table. The relationship of different variables was taken to analysis by presenting data on bi-variant table and multi- variant table. This statistical presentation of analyzing data was supported significantly by qualitative information.
Theoretical Framework For some decades, various disciplinary and multi-disciplinary approaches have been trying to analyze and provide fundamental understanding for the phenomenon of migration. There are multitudes of theoretical as well as empirical studies, which are concerned with characteristics, determinants and impact of migration in internal levels.
Theoretical Framework For some decades, various disciplinary and multi-disciplinary approaches have been trying to analyze and provide fundamental understanding for the phenomenon of migration. There are multitudes of theoretical as well as empirical studies, which are concerned with characteristics, determinants and impact of migration in internal levels.
Dual Economy Models of Rural-Urban Migration The first theoretical explanation on ruralurban migration is the Lewis (1954) model of development, which tries to explain the transition from a stagnating economy based on a traditional rural sector to a growing economy driven by the development of a modern urban sector (Lall et. al, 2006). In this model, Lewis assumes that rural economies initially present a specific context in which there is surplus labour in the agricultural sector. On this consideration, the agricultural sector is able to supply labour force to the modern industrial sector which can grow by accumulating capital and steaming labour from the traditional agricultural sector. The transfer of the labour between two economic sectors involves the reallocation of the labour force across space through migration from low population density rural to high density of urban areas. Lewis adds that migration occurs until surplus labour is absorbed by the modern sector (Lall et. al, 2006).
Todaro and Harris-Todaro Expected Model of Rural-Urban Migration The economic motive of migration is best articulated in the Todaro and HarriesTodaro model. Todaro and Smith (2003) postulate that, migration responds to urbanrural difference in expected income rather than actual earnings. Normally, people move from their place of origin for higher income and better job. The assumption in the Todaro and Harris-Todaro model is that migration is primarily an economic phenomenon. Migrants are assumed to consider the various opportunities available in the urban sector.
Bangladesh Journal of Extension Education Volume 30, No. 1, 2018: 43-52 ISSN 1011-3916
Journal