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Women’s Participation in Food for Work Program in Kapasia Upazila Under Gazipur District

S. Sultana
Scientific Officer
Training and Communication Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

M.S. I. Afrad
Professor
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur-1706

F. A. Prodhan
Lecturer
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur-1706

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The main focus of the study was to determine the extent of participation of women in the food for work program as well as to explore the relationships between the selected characteristics of the women and their participation. The study was conducted in Kapasia Upazila of Gazipur district. Data were collected by using pre-tested interview schedule. One hundred and ten respondent women were selected using simple random sampling method. Findings of the study reveal that more than three-fifth (62.72%) of the respondent women belonged medium participation category in food for work program. Women’s participation was highest in clearing (57.27%) in metal road maintenance whereas 41.2 percent in grass placement in case of mud road maintenance. Results also indicate that women had lower participation in all activities of both metal and mud road preparation compared to this men counterpart. Correlation analysis evince that education and training exposure of the respondent women had positive significant and age had negative significant relationship with their participation.

Keywords: Women, Food for work program, Participation

Location: Kapasia Upazila under Gazipur District

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Participation, Women

Objectives:

The abovementioned discussion implies the importance of women’s participation in “Food for Work” social safety net Program. Keeping this in view the preset study was carried out with the following specific objectives to i) assess the extent of participation of women in the food for work program; ii) explore the relationship between selected characteristics of the respondent women and their participation in food for work program; and iii) identify the problems faced by the women in working with Food for Work program.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in Kapasia Upazila under Gazipur district. The researcher selected Kapasia Upazila deliberately because its socio-demographic feature is well known to researcher and it has suitability for communication facility with the district town. Furthermore, the upazila administration has food for work program for the women. All the women involved with the Food for Work program was the target population of the study. Thus an updated list of 165 women was prepared with the help of local leaders and professional leaders like Union Parishad Chairman and local NGO workers. Finally 110 women were selected as sample of this study using simple random sampling technique and which was 66.6 percent of the total population. In order to stockpile pertinent information, an interview schedule was prepared carefully with due patience keeping the objective of the researcher in view. Data were collected personally by the researcher herself through face to face interview by using pretested interview schedule. Participation of respondents in Food for Work activities was measured in terms of extent of their involvement in participation with mud road maintenance activities and participation with metal road maintenance activities. To measure this, each respondent was asked to indicate her extent of participation in each activity in percent. Thus, a respondent’s involvement could range from 0-100 percent where ‘0’ indicating no participant and 100 percent indicating very high participant (Tuli, 2011). Problems faced by the respondents were computed on the basis of their intensity of difficulty faced by the respondent. Problem Confrontation Index (PCI) was computed for each problems item with help of the following formula used by Sonia (2009):

PCI= P_vhX5+P_hX4+P_mX3+P_lX2+P_vlX1

Where, PCI= Problem Confrontation Index P_vh = No. of respondents faced very high problem P_h = No. of respondents faced high problem P_m = No. of respondents faced moderate problem P_l = No. of respondents faced low problem P_vl = No. of respondents faced a very low problem

Five problems which the respondents might face in respect of women participation in Food for Work Program have been considered in this study. Thus, PCI of a problem could range from 110- 550. Data collected from the respondents were coded, compiled, tabulated, and analyzed in accordance with the objectives of the study. Co-efficient of correlation was used to find out the relationships between the selected characteristics of the women and their participation.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Extension Education Volume 25, No. 1&2, 2013: 27-34 ISSN 1011-3916

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In Bangladesh, women’s role are changing fast under economic pressure. Women’s responsibilities are becoming manifest as role primary or secondary income earners of their household. Women's participation in employment and export-oriented production is expanding. But their enchained economic role has not gone hand in hand with substantial improvement in education, training, health and nutrition and access to productive resources and services. The foodfor-work (FFW) program plays an important role in the reduction of rural poverty, primarily through creation of employment opportunities. The results of the study indicate that more than three-fifth (62.72%) of the respondent women belonged medium participation category in Food for work program. Women’s participation is highest in clearing (57.27%) in metal road maintenance whereas 42.50 percent in grass placement in case of mud road maintenance. Age, education and training exposure had significant relationships with women’s participation in Food for Work activities. Major problems faced by the majority of the respondent women were “lack of transport facilities and long-distance”, “inadequate wage”, and “irregular delivery of wage”. Therefore, it is recommended that participant women should be given the opportunity to work within their living place and their working environment should be increased to ensure their maximum utilization. Allocation of activities might be rational considering women’s physical capability i.e. comparatively light activities should be distributed among female workers. Food/cash provided for the Food for Work program should be increased and distribution of wages should be regular to get the optimum level of calories by the household members of the beneficiaries.

Knowledge Management: Journal