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Effects of Tillage Intensity, Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on Soil Properties of Wheat Field

*M. Hanif
Soil Science Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh

M.A. Matin
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

S. Nasrin
Soil Science Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh

M.R. Khan
Instructor
ATI, DAE, Gazipur, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of tillage intensity, fertilizer and poultry manure on the soil properties of a wheat field. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three tillage treatments in main plot as well as fertilizer and poultry manure treatments in sub-plots and replicated thrice. The total number of plots was 18. The unit plot size was 4 m x 2.5 m having spacing of plot to plot 1.0 m and between blocks 1.0 m. Tillage treatments were one passing of a power tiller (P,), two passing of a power tiller (P2) and three passing of a power tiller (P3). Fertilizer and poultry manure treatments were recommended doses of fertilizer @ 100 kg N, 18 kg P, 50 kg K, 20 kg S, 3 kg Zn and 1 kg B ha' (F,) and 70% of F, + poultry manure @ 5 t ha' (F,). The sources of fertilizer were Urea, TSP, MOP, Gypsum, ZnO and Boric acid. Soil bulk density was the highest under P, (1.37 g cm-3) and F1 (1.29 g cm-3) treatments and the lowest under P3 (0.99 g cm-3) and F2 (0.99 g cm-3) treatments. The P3 and F2 treatments gave the highest porosity of soil whereas P, and F, treatments gave the lowest results. The highest soil moisture content was under P, and F, treatments. Among the chemical properties tillage intensity significantly influenced available P and available S which were the highest in PI treatment and the lowest in P3 treatment. Soil organic matter, total N and available S were influenced due to fertilizer and poultry manure treatment. The earlier two were higher in F2 whereas the later one was higher in F, treatment. In case of interaction organic matter content, available P and available S were significantly influenced. Organic matter and available 13• were the highest in P, F2 treatment and those were the lowest in P3F, and P3F2 treatments respectively. Available S was the highest in P1F and the lowest in P3F2 treatment. It is concluded that tillage intensity and poultry manure influenced soil physical and chemical properties considerably.

Keywords: Tillage, Poultry manure, Soil Properties, Wheat

Location: Soil Science Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat, Fertilizer and manures

Objectives:

The long-term research of BRRI revealed that the application of poultry manure @ 5t haT1 yr-I improved rice productivity as well as prevented the soil resources from degradation (Bhuiyan, 1994). Thus, it is necessary to use manure in an appropriate manner in order to obtain higher crop yield without affecting soil fertility. Considering the above facts, the present investigation was undertaken involving tillage intensity, fertilizer and poultry manure with the following objective: to study the changes in physical and chemical properties of soil due to tillage intensity as well as fertilizer and poultry manure application.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the winter (Rabi) season of 2006-2007. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design. There were two sets of experimental treatments viz. (1) three tillage treatments arranged in main plot and (2) chemical fertilizer and poultry manure treatments allocated into the sub-plots. The tillage practiced used in this experiment were P1, P2 and P3 allowing one passing, two passing and three passing of a power tiller respectively. Fertilizer and poultry manure treatments were recommended doses of fertilizer @ 100 kg N, 18 kg P, 50 kg K, 20 kg S, 3 kg Zn and 1 kg B ha-' (F1) and 70% of Fi + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-' (F2). High yielding wheat variety `Sourav' was selected as a test crop. The soil samples were taken from the plough depth (0-15 cm) and different spots of the experimental field to make a composite soil sample before sowing and after harvest. The samples were air dried and ground to pass through a 2 mm sieve. The ground samples were stored in clean plastic containers for chemical analysis. Core samples were also collected for the determination of bulk density. The physical and chemical properties of soil considered were particle size analysis, particle density, bulk density, porosity, soil moisture, pH, organic carbon and organic matter, total N, available P, exchangeable K and available S. Particle size analysis was determined by Hydrometer method (Day, 1965). Bulk density and particle density were determined by the method as described by Blake and Hartge (1986). Total porosity of soil was calculated from the data of particle density and bulk density using the formulae as described by Strickling (1956). Soil moisture was determined by gravimetric method (Gardner, 1979). Soil pH was measured with the help of a glass electrode pH meter, the soil-water ratio being maintained at 1:2.5 (Jackson, 1973). Organic carbon of the soil sample was determined by wet oxidation method (Nelson and Sommers, 1982). The organic matter content of the soil was calculated by multiplying the percent organic carbon with van Bemmelen factor 1.73 (Piper, 1950). Total N content of soil was determined following the micro-Kjeldahl method (Bramner and Mulvaney, 1982). Exchangeable K was determined on IN NH40Ac (pH 7.0) extract of the soil by using flame photometer (Knudsen et al., 1982). Available P was extracted from the soil with Q.5 M NaHCO3 solution (pH 8.5) and determined by using a spectrophotometer (Olsen et al., 1954). Available S content of soil was determined with a spectrophotometer by extracting soil with CaC12 solution (0.15%) as described by Tabatabai (1982). The data were analyzed statistically (Gomez and Gomez, 1984) by F-test to examine whether the treatment effects were significant. The mean comparisons of the treatments were evaluated by DMRT (Ducan's Multiple Range Test). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for different parameters was done by a computer package programme "MSTAT- C".

Source of Information: South Asian J. Agric. 2013-2015.6 (1 & 2): 169-175 ISSN 1991-0037

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Tillage intensity, fertilizers and poultry manure improved soil physical properties i.e. reduced soil bulk density, increased soil porosity and moisture content as well as chemical properties i.e. increase the organic matter content, total N, available P and reduced available S of soil

Knowledge Management: Journal