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Effect of Nitrogen Sources on Growth of Phytophthora Parasitica Causing Leaf Rot Disease of Betel Vine

M.M. Rahman*
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Seikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.R. Islam
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

S.K. Adhikary
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to find out the effect of different nutrient elements and nitrogen sources on growth of Phytophthora parasitica, causal agent of leaf and foot rot of betel vine. Czapek solution agar was used as a basic medium. Effect of different nitrogen sources on the radial mycelia growth, fresh and dry mycelial weight also differed greater. The highest radial mycelial growth was observed on NH4NO3 containing medium (7.940 cm) followed by (NH4)2SO4 (7.740 cm), Ca (NO3)2 (7.100 cm), KNO3 (7.040 cm) and NaNO3 (6.960 cm) containing medium, respectively. The highest fresh weight was found on Czapek medium containing NaNO3 (12.180 g) followed by Ca(NO3)2 (9.822 g), KNO3 (6.758 g), (NH4)2SO4 (5.972 g) and NH4NO3 (0.738 g) containing Czapek medium. The highest dry weight was found in Ca(NO3) (0.901 g) followed by KNO3 (0.867 g), NaNO3 (0.614 g) (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 (0.259 g) containing Czapek medium, respectively. The color of the colony varied from greenish grey to black, margins were found regular and texture varied from loose to compact at different nitrogen sources.

Keywords: Phytophthora parasitica, Nitrogen source, Growth.

Location: Plant Protection Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna.

Start Date: 00-11-2005

End Date: 00-01-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Nitrogen, Diseases, Betel leaf

Objectives:

So amendment of soil with nutrient elements along with the pesticides is essential. For this reason the physiology, reproduction behavior of the pathogen and the effect of different nitrogen and mineral nutrients on the physiology of the fungi P. parasitica is a matter of great interest. Considering the above facts, the present investigation was undertaken to determine the effect of different nitrogen sources of culture medium on growth of P .parasitica.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out during November 2005 to January 2006 at Plant Protection Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna. The isolates of P. parasitica were collected from the preserved isolates in plant protection laboratory.

To examine the influence of different nitrogen sources on mycelial growth and colony characters of P. parasitica, Czapek medium was used as the basic medium. The nitrogen source of Czapek medium i.e. NaNO3 was replaced by other inorganic nitrogen sources namely KNO3, Ca(NO3)2, NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4. The amount of nitrogen was maintained same as in the medium irrespective of source of the element. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 6.0. The fungus was grown on Petre plate containing 20 ml of the medium per plate. Five replicated Petre plate were used for each nitrogen source. The plates were inoculated with 5mm discs of 24 hours old PDA culture of P. parasitica. The mycelial discs were taken from the edge of the colony. One disc was placed at the centre of each plate. The plates were incubated at 25±2°C.

The radial growths of mycelium in each plate were recorded after 10 days of incubation. The colony characters were recorded after 26 days of incubation.

Data collection: Measurement of fresh weight and dry weight of the mycelium For the measurement of fresh weight and dry weight of mycelium, the fungus P. parasitica was grown on Czapek agar free medium and modified Czapek medium in which one of the nutritional elements was omitted namely nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium and iron. Similarly the fungus was grown on different types of modified Czapek medium with several nitrogen sources namely KNO3, Ca(NO3)2, NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4. Exactly 100 ml of each nutrient medium were taken 250 ml conical flask and each nutrient medium was replicated five times. The pH of the nutrient medium was adjusted to 6.0. The medium was inoculated with 5 mm mycelia! blocks, one for each, taken from 32 hours culture grown on PDA. The inoculated conical flasks were incubated at a temperature for 10 days.

After incubation, the fungal mass in each conical flask was prepared by filtration using preweighed Whatman paper no 1. The filtrates were discarded and the fungal mass on blotting paper was kept in the laboratory at room temperatures for 5 hours for air drying. Then fresh weight was measured using an electric balance. The fungal mass of all treatments was then oven-dried at 70°C for 72 hours. The oven-dried fungal masses were weighed to have mycelia! dry weight.

Source of Information: South Asian J. Agric., 2008, 3 (1&2): 7-10 ISSN 1991-0037

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Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest dry weight was found in Ca(NO3) (0.901 g) followed by KNO3 (0.867 g), NaNO3 (0.614 g) (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 (0.259 g) containing Czapek medium, respectively. The color of the colony varied from greenish grey to black, margins were found regular and texture varied from loose to compact at different nitrogen sources.

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