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Effect of Egg Weight and Pre-incubation Storage Period on Hatching Traits of Sonali Breeder Stock

R. Sarkar
Students of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

J.B. Chakma
Students of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

M.S. Islam*
Professor of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

S.S. Islam
Professor of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Gain Agro Breeder's, Jalma, Batiaghata, Khulna, from the period of 13 June to 12 July, 2009. The experiment was designed in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and 12 treatments (3 egg weight groups x 4 Pre-incubation storage periods) to evaluate the hatching traits of Sonali breeder stock. Three hundred and sixty eggs were set into the incubator. The eggs were stored at four different storage periods (1, 3, 5 and 7 days) before setting in the setter. The eggs were categorized into three weight groups (w1= 50-52.99g, w2= 47-49.99g and w3= 44-46.99g). Data were collected regarding egg weight, chick weight, hatchability, fertility, early and late embryonic mortality. Egg weight had significant (p< 0.01) effect on hatchability and fertility but the pre-incubation storage period had no significant effect on hatchability and fertility. Egg weight and pre-incubation storage period and their interactions had significant (p< 0.01) effect on chick weight. Egg weight and pre-incubation storage period had no significant effect on early and late embryonic mortality, respectively. The interaction between egg weight and pre-incubation storage period had no significant effect on hatching traits. Chick weight showed negative relationship with pre-incubation storage period. However, fertility and hatchability showed negative relationship with egg weight but chick weight showed positive relationship with egg weight.

Keywords: Egg, Storage, Hatching, Breeder Stock.

Location: Gain Agro Breeder's, Jalma, Batiaghata, Khulna

Start Date: 13-06-2009

End Date: 12-07-2009

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Egg

Objectives:

Adverse effect of pre-incubation storage periods on hatchability has been reported by Byag and Nash (1962) and Proudfoot (1973). But the effect of egg weight and pre-incubation storage period on hatching traits like hatchability, fertility, embryonic mortality and chick weight of Sonali breeder stock have not been investigated. Moreover, there is lack of information of the optimum pre-incubation storage period and egg weight for Sonali Broiler Breeder stock eggs to be hatched. With this idea in view, the experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of egg weight on hatching traits and to find out the pre-incubation storage effect on hatching traits.

Methodology:

Three hundred and sixty eggs of Sonali broiler breeder stock were collected from the flock of the Gain Agro Breeders Farm. The eggs were stored at a temperature of 16 to 18° F and relative humidity of 86% maintaining the storage periods of 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. The eggs were selected according to three (44-46.99g, 47-49.99g and 50-52.99g) weight groups.

Eggs were kept outside for 8 hours prior to setting to the store room. For hatching the eggs were set in the setting tray keeping large end up. Eggs were incubated at 99°F to 100°F with 85-87% relative humidity during 18 days of setting periods where they were rotated automatically at an angle of 45° and a single turning per hour. Candling was performed two times. First candling was done at 8th day to detect early embryonic mortality and fertility and second candling was done at 151h day to detect late embryonic mortality. The embryos of fertile eggs showing the evidence of retarded growth and no movement were considered as early embryonic mortality. After completion of 18 days setting period, the eggs were transferred to hatching tray. At hatching tray 98.5°F temperature was maintained. During this period extra water was supplied to provide sufficient relative humidity. Each egg was put into individual net bag to isolate individual hatched chick from specific egg. At the end of hatch the unhatched eggs and pips were accounted separately as late embryonic mortality according to their preincubation storage periods and egg weight groups.

The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors and three replications. Factor a = Pre-incubation storage period Treatment 1 = 1 day (DI), Treatment 2 = 3 days (D2), Treatment 3 = 5 days (D3), Treatment 4 = 7 days (D4) Factor b = Egg weight Treatment 1(higher group) = 50-52.99g (w1), Treatment 2 (medium group) = 47-49.99g (w2), Treatment 3 (lower group) = 44-46.99g (w3) Total number of treatment groups = 4 X 3 =12.

The collected data were analyzed by using MSTAT-C computer program and the significance data were categorized by using Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The parameters were also regressed on preincubation storage period and egg weight to have the unit change in the each of the hatchability parameters.

Source of Information: South Asian J. Agric. 2009.4 (1&2): 67-71 ISSN 1991-0037

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

The interaction between egg weight and pre-incubation storage period had no significant effect on hatching traits. Chick weight showed negative relationship with pre-incubation storage period. However, fertility and hatchability showed a negative relationship with egg weight but chick weight showed positive relationship with egg weight.

Knowledge Management: Journal