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Prevalence of Balantidium Coli in Buffaloes at Different Areas of Mymensingh

B. C. Roy
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. H. Mondal
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. H. Talukder
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. Majumder
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Balantidium coli is a common protozoan disease of animals. A total of 151 buffaloes were examined through faecal examination, of which 68 (45.03%) found to be infected with B. coli infection. Prevalence of B. coli infection was relatively higher in adult buffaloes (49.52%) aged > 5 years than young (39.29%) aged > 2- ≤ 5 years and buffalo calves (27.78%) aged ≤ 2 years. Higher prevalence of B. coli was observed in female (47.32%) than that of male (38.46%) buffaloes which are not statistically significant. Prevalence of B. coli infection was significantly (p<0.01) higher in poor health buffaloes (78.95%) than healthy buffaloes (24.47%) and buffaloes reared in normal floor/muddy floor (46.21%) than that reared in concrete floor (36.84%), respectively. A significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of B. coli infection was observed in rainy season (60%) followed by summer (42.10%) and winter season (32.76%). It is concluded that buffaloes are highly susceptible to balantidiasis irrespective of age, sex, health status, management system and seasons of the year.

Keywords: Balantidium coli, Prevalence, Buffaloes

Location: Mymensingh district of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-06-2009

End Date: 00-05-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Buffalo, Diseases

Objectives:

The literature so far available revealed that only a little work has been carried out on the epidemiology of B. coli in buffaloes of Bangladesh. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to study the prevalence of B. coli infection (balantidiasis) of buffaloes in different areas of Mymensingh district.

Methodology:

The research was carried out for a period of one year from June 2009 to May 2010 at Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Morphological examination was conducted in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Myamensingh. A total of 151 buffaloes were selected randomly irrespective of age, sex, health status, management system and seasons of the year from different villages of Mymensingh district. The age of the buffaloes was determined by examination of teeth as well as interrogating the farmer (Rahman and Hossain, 1997). According to age, buffaloes were categorized into three groups, namely, buffalo calf (≤ 2 years), young (> 2- ≤ 5 years) and adult (> 5 years). The health status of buffaloes was categorized into two groups, namely, poor health and healthy buffaloes (according to eye inspection and body condition score) (Rahman and Hossain, 1997). The management system (floor type) was also divided into concrete floor (brick built) and normal floor (muddy floor). For seasonal prevalence, the whole year was divided into conventional three seasons, namely, summer (March-June), rainy (July-October) and winter (November-February). The fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of these animals by wearing of apron, hand gloves and gumboot to avoid contamination. The collected faecal samples were examined by Stoll’s ova counting techniques for determining the number of cysts or trophozoites per gram of faeces by their characteristic morphological features as described by Soulsby (1982).

Statistical analysis was done by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-11.5 version) technique. To compare the mean values of cysts per gram of faeces of Balantidium coli, data were analyzed by using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test (Steel and Torrie, 1980). Logistic regression models were fitted for identifying the risk factor(s) that significantly influences the infection of Balantidium coli in buffaloes (Hosmer and Lemeshow, 1989). Chi-square (χ2 ) test was performed for testing the overall significance of several prevalences at 1% or 5% level of significance (Mostafa, 1989). To diagnose the pair wise significant of several factors (age, sex, health status, and management system) one-sided z test was done.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 9(1): 67–72, 2011 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The observations from the present study revealed that buffaloes were highly susceptible to balantidiasis. So, further extensive work is needed to assess the impact of balantidiasis on buffaloes and to find out a proper control strategy against it in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal