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Disease Investigation of Small Indigenous Fishes from Kailla Beel in Mymensingh Area

G.U. Ahmed
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

R. Parveen
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

S. Sultana
Department of Fisheries, Matshya Bhaban, Kakrail, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out for a period of ten months from April 2000 to January 2001 in order to investigate diseases of small indigenous fishes through clinical and histopathological techniques. Fishes like Channa punctatus, Puntius ticto and Nandus nandus were collected from KaiIla beel of Mymensingh area on monthly basis. Clinically and pathologically C. punctatus were more affected than other fish and less affected one was N. nandus. Clinically rough skin, mild necrosis, dermal lesion and discoloration of gill were found in C. punctatus. Rough skin, ill health, red spot in ventral region, skin lesion and necrosis in gill were observed in P. ticto. Weak body, ulcer in ventral region and thick gill filament were seen in N. nandus. The observed pathology were necrosis, pyknosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, hyperplasia and missing of primary and secondary gill lamelle. Monogenetic trematodes and protozoan cysts were found in gill filaments of all the fish species. Fungal granuloma were observed in skin, muscle and liver of C. punctatus and only skin and muscle of P. ticto and N. nandus. The observed diseases were trichodiniasis, myxoboliasis, dactylogyrosis, gyrodactylosis and epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) in the sampled fish species. It was also found that the external organs like skin and gill were more affected than internal organs such as muscle, liver and kidney. The examined fishes of KaiIla beel were more affected towards the coldest months of the year i.e., December and January, in comparison with other months.

Keywords: Disease, Small fish, KaiIla beel

Location: KaiIla beel of Mymensingh region, Bangladesh. KaiIla beel is situated in Ishwargonj Upazila, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Fish

Objectives:

However, this technique for disease diagnosis of fishes in Bangladesh is used in a limited extent due to lack of laboratory facilities and technical know how. Thus the present investigation is aimed at the identification of diseases of small indigenous fish like C. punctatus, P. ticto, and N. nandus from KaiIla beel of Mymensingh area through clinical and histopathological observation.

Methodology:

The present experiment was conducted for a period of ten months from April 2000 to January 2001. The experimental fishes were Channa punctatus, Puntius ticto and Nandus nandus, which were collected from KaiIla beel of Mymensingh region, Bangladesh. KaiIla beel is situated in Ishwargonj Upazila, Mymensingh and located at about 30 km south-east of Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus, Mymensingh. It has an area of about 4000 acres and is open perennial water body. Average water depth ranged between 4.0 m in rainy seasons and 2.5 m in dry seasons. Three small indigenous fishes such as P. ticto, N. nandus and C. punctatus were bought from the nearest fish market of the KaiIla beel by a selective fisherman and collected once in a month during the experimental period. Each species of live fish were transported in separate plastic bags filled with water to the Fish Disease Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The sampled fishes were observed by the naked eye and magnifying glass after taking out of the plastic bags to record any infection, injury and abnormalities. Various organs of fishes such as skins, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were collected with the help of sharp scalpel and forceps and preserved or fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological study. Sizes of samples were 1 cm3. Then the samples were placed in an automatic tissue processor machine for dehydration, clearing and infiltration (SHANDON, CITADEL 1000).

The samples were then embedded with melted wax, a perforated plastic holder and steel mold. During the embedding period, proper care was taken for the orientation of skin and gill samples in the steel molds. Sections were taken from the blocks at a thickness of 5 micrometers by using the. microtome machine. The sections were then stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stains. Then the sections were mounted with Canada balsam and covered by coverslips. To hold the coverslips permanently the prepared slides were placed over a clean platform for 24 hours and then examined under a compound microscope (Olympus). Then photomicrograph from the stained sections was done by using a photomicroscope (OLYMPUS, Model CHS, Japan).

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agri!. Univ. 2(2): 305-311, 2004 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present investigation most .of the examined fishes were almost normal and healthy from external observation. But clinically and pathologically a great number of fishes were affected by various pathogens. Thus, the investigated diseases of small indigenous freshwater fishes in the present study were gyrodactylosis, dactylogyosis, myxoboliasis, trichomoniasis and EUS. However, no control measures were suggested to overcome from identified diseases in present experiment. Thus more research works should be carried out to know the other causes of disease and reduction of small indigenous freshwater fishes of Bangladesh. Research works should also be carried out on the prevention and control of diseases and other hazards so that these valuable species could be saved from extinction.

Knowledge Management: Journal